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A distichia is an eyelash that arises from an abnormal spot on the eyelid. Distichiae usually exit from the duct of the meibomian gland at the eyelid margin. They are usually multiple and sometimes more than one arises from a duct. They can affect either the upper or lower eyelid and are usually bilateral. Distichiae usually cause no symptoms because the lashes are soft, but they can irritate the eye and cause tearing, squinting, inflammation, and corneal ulcers. Treatment options include manual removal, electrolysis, electrocautery, cryotherapy, and surgery.
Commonly affected breeds
In veterinary medicine, some canine breeds are affected by distichiasis more frequently than others:
- Cocker Spaniel
- Dachshund (especially the miniature longhaired Dachshund)
- Bulldog
- Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
- Pekingese
- Yorkshire Terrier
- Flat-Coated Retriever
- Shetland Sheepdog
- Poodle
Ectopic cilia
An ectopic cilia is a special type of distichia. The eyelash exits through the conjunctiva, usually at the middle of the upper eyelid. It can cause intense pain and corneal ulcers. Treatment is surgery.
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"Distichia"