The Child Support Agency (CSA) is a UK Government Executive Agency, part of the Department for Work and Pensions, launched on April 5, 1993. The CSA is responsible for implementing the 1991 Child Support Act and subsequent legislation.The Law relating to Child Support - Department for Work and Pensions
Prior to the launch of the CSA, child support disputes were handled by a court based system. This system did not have the power to trace absent parents, and was criticised as "arbitrary and unfair".The troubled history of the CSA BBC News 18 January, 2006 The CSA was given the task of assessing payments to ensure consistentcy, with the powers to collect and distribute the maintenance payments itself.
For the CSA to become involved on a case, their services must be requested by one of the parents or the child, except cases in which the person with care is on benefits, whereby the CSA become automatically involved. The CSA cannot get involved, even upon request, if the non-resident parent lives abroad, if a written agreement made prior to April 5, 1993, is in place, or if a court order regarding maintenance was made.
Under the new method the basis for calculating maintenance has been simplified, with a fixed percentage of the non-resident parents net income being taken, from 15% for one, 20% for two, and 25% for three or more. The maintenance was also reduced if the non-resident parent had children in their current family, reducing the payment by 15% if they had one, 20% if they had two, and 25% for three or more.CSL 101 - Child support: For parents who live apart (new rules) (pdf) Cases assessed using the previous method will remain that way until the new arrangements have been proven viableChanges to child support. Some special cases may be transferred to the new arrangements before to this, for example if the non-resident parent is also subject to a separate claim made since the new method was introduced. As of December 2005, 930,000 cases (63% of the total) remain under the old rules Child Support Agency Quarterly Summary Statistics: December 2005
A new computer system, Child Support 2 (CS2) was introduced to replace the Child Support Computer System (CSCS), which was only designed to calculate the old method. However, to date, not all cases have been transferred across; of 68,000 cases under the "old rules" awaiting clearance, 31,000 are still on CSCS. Of those 31,000 cases, 29,000 have been suspended because the non-resident parent was unable to be found.
For the year April 2004 – May 2005, Department for Work and Pensions statistics show an accuracy rate of 75% (new scheme) and 78% (old scheme), a drop from the previous year's 82% and 86%. Interim reports for the current year (April 2005 – May 2006), show an improvement to 83% and 84%, respectively. Accuracy is defined as the "proportion of maintenance decisions (calculations or assessments) carried out in the reporting period that were checked and found to be accurate to the nearest penny."
Assessments based on the same financial criteria can give different results, depending on which rules the case is judged under. Non-resident parents who would pay less under the new rules currently cannot get reassessed, except in special circumstances. While the CSA plan to eventually move everyone to the same system, in the interim different people with the same current situation will pay different amounts, based solely on when the case was first assessed. One father, Mark Cook, whose monthly payments would drop from £250 to £150 if assessed under the new rules, is taking the CSA to the European Court of Human Rights, claiming that this discrepancy amounts to discrimination under Article 14.Father takes CSA case to Europe BBC News, July 28, 2004 However, official statistics show that the average weekly liability is more under the new scheme. For the years 2004-2005, the average new scheme liability varied from £24 to £26 per week, whereas the old scheme varied from £19 to £21.
In November 2004, the head of the CSA resigned amid widespread criticism of the CSA systems.CSA chief resigns amid criticism BBC News, November 17, 2004 Sir Archy Kirkwood, chairman of Work and Pensions Committee, described the situation as "a systemic, chronic failure of management right across the totality of the agency."'Basically, it doesn't work' BBC News, November 17, 2004 In November 2005, Tony Blair admitted that the CSA is "not properly suited" to its job, amid reports that for every £1.85 that gets through to children, the CSA spend £1 on administrationCSA not suited to job, says Blair BBC News, 16 November 2005.. Later figures showed that it costs the CSA £12m a year to run, more than the £8m it collects from absent parents.
Even prior to its opening, the CSA was subject to criticism, with MP David Tredinnick describing the CSA as a "sequel to 1984" due to concerns about "CSA Snooping". In February 2006, Work Secretary John Hutton stated that the CSA's performance was "unacceptable", and announced that it would be reviewed.'Unacceptable' CSA faces overhaul BBC News, 9 February 2006
British society | Executive agencies of the United Kingdom government | Child support
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