Gourt Home::Gourt :: Burntisland
The Royal Burgh of Burntisland is a burgh in Fife, Scotland on the Firth of Forth. It is known locally for its sandy blue flag beach, the 15th century Rossend Castle, and its traditional summer fair and Highland games day. To the north of the town a hill called "The Binn" is a landmark of the Fife coastline; a volcanic plug, it rises 193m (632ft) above sea level. Burntisland has a population of about 6000 and is a Fairtrade Town.
History
Early evidence of human activity in this area has been found in rock carvings on The Binn, thought to be about 4000 years old. The Roman commander Agricola used the natural harbour and set up camp at the nearby Dunearn Hill in 83 AD. In 1119 a castle was built at Rossend, and by 1130 there was a large enough settlement for King David I to grant land for a church at Kirkton (now part of Burntisland). James V granted the town a Royal Charter in 1541, which was confirmed by James VI in 1586. Burntisland developed as a seaport, being second only to Leith in the Firth of Forth, and shipbuilding became an important industry in the town. In 1633 one of the barges, the 'Blessing of Burntisland', carrying Charles I and his entourage from Burntisland to Leith sank with the loss of Charles' treasure.
In 1592 a new church, St Columba's was opened in Burntisland. It was one of the first churches built in Scotland after the reformation and it is the oldest post reformation church still standing. It has been listed as one of the ten most historic churches in Scotland. It is built on a square plan with the pulpit standing against one of the four internal pillars. There are pews on all four sides. The design was due to the reformation - it put the bible, the word of God, into the centre of the church. The sacraments of baptism and communion were also to happen in the midst of the people. The church is very much in use today and the Sunday service is at 11am.
In May 1601, King James VI of Scotland attended the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland at St. Columba's Church, and proposals were put forward for a new translation of the Bible into English. The King James Version was eventually published in 1611.
Burntisland became an important port for the local herring and coal industries, and in 1847 the Edinburgh and Northern Railway opened from Burntisland north to Lindores and Cupar. By 1850 the world's first roll-on/roll-off rail ferry service was crossing the Firth of Forth between Burntisland and Granton, enabling passengers to travel between Edinburgh and Dundee without leaving the train; this operated until 1890 when the Forth Bridge opened. In the late 19th century, the area experienced a short-lived boom in shale oil mining and processing at the Binnend Works.
Shipbuilding was a major 20th century industry until the shipyard closed in 1969. A plant for the refining of alumina was also opened in the early 20th century, closing in 2002. Industries related to the North Sea oil industry remain important for the town.
References
- Collinswell Land Ltd History of closure and redevelopment of Alcan site
External links
- http://www.burntisland.net/
- Burntisland on FifeDirect
- http://www.burntislandhighlandgames.co.uk/
- http://www.brand-dd.com/burntisland/index.html
Ports and harbours of Scotland | Royal burghs | Seaside resorts in Scotland | Towns in Fife
"Burntisland"