The Ballets Russes was a ballet company established in 1909 by the Russian impresario Serge Diaghilev and resident first in Théâtre Mogador, Paris; and then in Monte Carlo. It sprang out of the Tsar's Imperial Ballet of St. Petersburg, from where all its dancers were associated and trained, and the influence of the great choreographer Marius Petipa. It created a sensation in Western Europe because of the great vitality of Russian ballet compared to what was current in France at the time. It became the most influential ballet company in 20th century, and that influence, in one form or another, has lasted to this day.
The ballet company and its composers
The dancers and choreographers associated with it included
George Balanchine,
Mathilde Kschessinska,
Michel Fokine,
Tamara Karsavina,
Serge Lifar,
Alicia Markova,
Léonide Massine,
Vaslav Nijinsky,
Anna Pavlova,
Ida Rubinstein and
Lydia Lopokova.
Designers included Bakst, Benois, Braque, Picasso, Bilibin, Tchelitchev, and Utrillo.
Composers included Debussy, Milhaud, Poulenc, Prokofiev, Ravel, Satie, Respighi, Richard Strauss, and, most notably, Igor Stravinsky, whom Diaghilev spotted when he was virtually unknown and whose career he launched.
Principal productions
- See also: Ballets Russes productions
{|
Year
| Title
| Composer
| Choreographer
| Set and costume
|
| 1909
| Le Pavillon d'Armide
| Nikolai Tcherepnin
| Michel Fokine
| Alexandre Benois
|
| 1909
| Prince Igor
| Alexander Borodin
| Michel Fokine
| Nicholas Roerich
|
| 1909
| Cléopatre
| Anton Arensky
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1910
| The Firebird
| Igor Stravinsky
| Michel Fokine
| Alexandre Golovine, Léon Bakst
|
| 1910
| Schéhérazade
| Rimsky-Korsakov
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1910
| Carnaval
| Robert Schumann
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1911
| Petrushka
| Igor Stravinsky
| Michel Fokine
| Alexandre Benois
|
| 1911
| Le Spectre de la Rose
| Carl Maria von Weber
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1912
| L'après-midi d'un faune
| Claude Debussy
| Michel Fokine, Vaslav Nijinsky
| Léon Bakst, Odilon Redon
|
| 1912
| Daphnis et Chloé
| Maurice Ravel
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1912
| Le Dieu Bleu
| Reynaldo Hahn
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1912
| Thamar
| Mily Balakirev
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1913
| Jeux
| Claude Debussy
| Vaslav Nijinsky
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1913
| The Rite of Spring
| Igor Stravinsky
| Vaslav Nijinsky
| Nicholas Roerich
|
| 1913
| Tragédie de Salomè
| Florent Schmitt
| Boris Romanov
| Sergey Sudeykin
|
| 1914
| La légende de Joseph
| Richard Strauss
| Michel Fokine
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1914
| Le Coq d'Or
| Rimsky-Korsakov
| Michel Fokine
| Natalia Goncharova
|
| 1915
| Soleil de Nuit
| Rimsky-Korsakov
| Leonide Massine
| Mikhail Larionov
|
| 1917
| Parade
| Erik Satie
| Léonide Massine
| Pablo Picasso
|
| 1919
| La boutique fantastique
| Gioachino Rossini, Ottorino Respighi
| Léonide Massine
| André Derain
|
| 1919
| Le Tricorne
| Manuel de Falla
| Léonide Massine
| Pablo Picasso
|
| 1920
| Le chant du rossignol
| Igor Stravinsky
| Léonide Massine
| Henri Matisse
|
| 1920
| Pulcinella
| Igor Stravinsky
| Léonide Massine
| Pablo Picasso
|
| 1921
| Chout
| Sergei Prokofiev
| Mikhail Larionov
| Mikhail Larionov
|
| 1921
| Sleeping Princess
| Pyotr Tchaikovsky
| Marius Petipa
| Léon Bakst
|
| 1922
| Renard
| Igor Stravinsky
| Bronislava Nijinska
| Mikhail Larionov
|
| 1923
| Les Noces
| Igor Stravinsky
| Bronislava Nijinska
| Natalia Goncharova
|
| 1924
| Les Biches
| Francis Poulenc
| Bronislava Nijinska
| Marie Laurencin
|
| 1924
| Les Fâcheux
| Georges Auric
| Bronislava Nijinska
| Georges Braque
|
| 1924
| Le train bleu
| Darius Milhaud
| Bronislava Nijinska
| Laurens (scene), Coco Chanel (costumi), Pablo Picasso (fondali)
|
| 1925
| Les matelots
| Georges Auric
| Léonide Massine
| Pruna
|
| 1926
| Jack in the Box
| Erik Satie
| George Balanchine
| André Derain
|
| 1927
| La chatte
| Henri Sauguet
| George Balanchine
| Antoine Pevsner
|
| 1927
| Mercure
| Erik Satie
| Léonide Massine
| Pablo Picasso
|
| 1927
| Pas d'acier
| Sergei Prokofiev
| Léonide Massine
| George Jaculov
|
| 1928
| Apollon musagète
| Igor Stravinsky
| George Balanchine
| Bauschant (scene), Coco Chanel (costumi)
|
| 1929
| Le fils prodigue
| Sergei Prokofiev
| George Balanchine
| Georges Rouault
|
End of the Diaghilev era
After Diaghilev's death in
1929 the company's property was claimed by creditors, and the dancers were scattered. In the subsequent years, the company (in name only) was revived as the
Ballet Russe de Monte Carlo (with which the names of
George Balanchine and
Tamara Toumanova are associated) and as the
Original Ballet Russe.
See also
External links
Ballet companies | Russian ballet | 1909 establishments
Ballets Russes | Ballets Rusos | Ballets russes | Balletti russi | Les Ballets Russes | バレエ・リュス | Ballets Russes | Ballets russes