American holly (Ilex opaca) is a small to medium evergreen tree in the family Aquifoliaceae, with red berries that persist into winter. It is native to the eastern and central United States. The berries are reputedly poisonous to humans, but are important survival food for birds, who will eat the berries after other food sources are exhausted. The tree also forms a thick canopy which offers protection for birds from predators and storms. Songbirds including thrushes, mockingbirds, catbirds, bluebirds and thrashers are frequent feeders on the berries.

American holly is dioecious, meaning there are male plants with only male blossoms, and female plants with only female blossoms. One male can pollenize several females, but berries will not set without pollen from the male. Bees are also required, as wind pollination is negligible.

American holly is often planted as an ornamental plant and is a popular Christmas decoration.

External links

• Ilex opaca images at bioimages.vanderbilt.edu

Aquifoliales | Poisonous plants

Houx américain