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The Academy of Fine Arts Vienna (German: Akademie der bildenden Künste Wien) is an institution of higher education in Vienna, Austria.
History
The Academy of Fine Arts Vienna was founded in 1692 as a private academy by the court-painter Peter Strudl, who became the Praefectus Academiae Nostrae. In 1701 he was ennobled as Baron of the Empire. With his death in 1714, the academy temporarily closed.
On 20 January 1725, Emperor Karl VI appointed the Frenchman Jacob van Schuppen as Prefect and Director of the Academy, which was refounded as the k.k. Hofakademie der Maler, Bildhauer und Baukunst (Imperial and Royal Court Academy of painters, sculptors and architecture). During the rule of Empress Maria Theresa, in 1751 a new statute reformed the academy. The prestige of the academy grew, and in 1767 Archduchesses Charlotte Karoline and Maria Anna were made the first Honorary Members of the Academy.
In 1772, there were further reforms to the organisational structure. Chancellor Kaunitz integrated all existing art schools into the k.k. vereinigten Akademie der bildenden Künste (Imperial and Royal Unified Academy of Fine Arts). The word "vereinigten" (unified) was later dropped.
In 1872 Emperor Franz Joseph I approved a statute making the academy the supreme government authority for the arts. A new building was constructed by Theophil Freiherr von Hansen during the building of the Ringstraße. On April 1 1877, the new building at the Schillerplatz was inauguarated, where it remains today.
During the Nazi Occupation from 1938-1945, the academy suffered heavily as many of its Jewish staff were forced to leave. After World War II, the academy was reconstituted in 1955 and its autonomy reconfirmed. It has had university status since 1998, but retained its original name. It is currently the only Austrian university that doesn't have the word "university" in its name.
Structure
The academy is divided into the following institutes:
- Institute for Fine Arts, which houses three departments for painting, drawing, visual arts, media, sculpture.
- Institute for Art Theory and Cultural Studies (art theory, philosophy, history);
- Institute for Conservation and Restoration;
- Institute for Natural Sciences and Technologies in Art;
- Institute for Secondary School Teaching Degrees (craft, design, textile arts);
- Institute for Art and Architecture.
The Academy has currently about 900 students, with almost one in four coming from abroad. Its faculty includes "stars" such as Peter Sloterdijk. Its library has approx. 110,000 volumes and its "etching cabinet" (Kupferstichkabinett) has about 150,000 drawings and prints. The collection is one of the biggest in Austria, and is used for academic purposes but parts of it are also open to the general public.
Young Adolf Hitler denied admission to Academy
In 1907 and 1908, a young struggling artist by the name of Adolf Hitler was twice denied admission to the academy for art studies. He stayed in Vienna and tried unsuccessfully to continue his profession as an artist. He would later blame the failure of entrance to the academy on the Jewish members of the board of examination. He withdrew into poverty and sold amateur paintings, mostly watercolors, for meager sustenance until the eventual outbreak of the First World War.
Famous graduates
External links
- Official website of the Academy (German and English)
- website of the Media Server
- Study in Austria: A Guide
Universities and colleges in Austria | Education in Vienna | Art schools | Vienna culture
Akademie der bildenden Künste Wien | Académie des Beaux-Arts de Vienne | Wienin taideakatemia
"Academy of Fine Arts Vienna"