is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). There are 119 days remaining.

Events

• 36 BC - In the battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompeius, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate.
• 301 - San Marino, one of the smallest nations in the world and the world's oldest republic still in existence, is founded by Saint Marinus.
• 590 - St. Gregory I becomes Pope.
• 1189 - Richard I of England (a.k.a. Richard "the Lionhearted") is crowned at Westminster.
• 1260 - The Mamluks defeat the Mongols at the Battle of Ain Jalut in Palestine, marking their first decisive defeat and the point of maximum expansion of the Mongol Empire.
• 1540 - Gelawdewos becomes Emperor of Ethiopia.
• 1650 - Third English Civil War: Battle of Dunbar (1650)
• 1651 - Third English Civil War: Battle of Worcester - Charles II of England is defeated in the last main battle of the war.
• 1777 - Cooch's Bridge - Skirmish of American Revolutionary war in New Castle County, Delaware where the Flag of the United States was flown in battle for the first time.
• 1783 - American Revolutionary War: The war ends with the signing of the Treaty of Paris by the United States and the Kingdom of Great Britain.
• 1798 - Weeklong battle of St. George's Caye begun between Spanish and British off the coast of Belize.
• 1826 - The USS Vincennes commanded by William Finch, leaves New York City to become first United States warship to circumnavigate globe.
• 1838 - Dressed in a sailor's uniform and carrying identification papers provided by a Free Black seaman, future abolitionist Frederick Douglass boards a train in Maryland on his way to freedom from slavery.
• 1843 - Under seige by his own army, King Otto of Greece grants his subjects a Constitution.
• 1855 - Indian Wars: In Nebraska, 700 soldiers under American General William S. Harney avenge the Grattan Massacre by attacking a Sioux village, killing 100 men, women, and children.
• 1861 - American Civil War: Confederate General Leonidas Polk invades neutral Kentucky, prompting the state legislature to ask for Union assistance.
• 1874 - The congress of the state of México elevates Naucalpan to the category of Villa, with the title of "Villa de Juárez".
• 1878 - Over 640 die when the crowded pleasure boat Princess Alice collides with the Bywell Castle in the River Thames.
• 1892 - Nottingham Forest play their first ever football league game. It ended 2-2 against Everton FC.
• 1895 - The first professional American football game is played, in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, between the Latrobe YMCA and the Jeannette Athletic Club. (Latrobe won the contest 12-0).
• 1914 - Giacomo della Chiesa acceeds to the papacy as Pope Benedict XV.
• 1933 - Yevgeniy Abalakov reaches the highest point of the Soviet Union - Communism Peak (7495 m).
• 1935 - Sir Malcolm Campbell reaches 304.331 miles per hour on the Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah, becoming the first person to drive an automobile over 300 mph
• 1939 - World War II: France, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, and Australia declare war on Germany.
• 1941 - John Gillespie Magee, Jr. authors the sonnet "High Flight".
• 1942 - World War II: Uprising of the Jewish ghetto in Lakhva occurs.
• 1943 - World War II: Mainland Italy is invaded by Allied forces for the first time in the war.
• 1951 - The first long-running American television soap opera, Search for Tomorrow, airs its first episode on the CBS network.
• 1954 - The People's Liberation Army begin shelling the ROC-controlled islands of Quemoy
• 1958 - In Greece, police start shaving the hair of youths called "Teddy Boys" to the skin.
• 1967 - Nguyen Van Thieu is elected President of South Vietnam.
• 1967 - Dagen H in Sweden: traffic changes from driving on the left to driving on the right overnight
• 1969 - the hit song "I've Got You Under My Skin" by The Four Seasons was released to radio
• 1976 - Viking program: The Viking 2 spacecraft lands at Utopia Planitia on Mars and takes the first close-up, color photos of the planet's surface.
• 1991 - In Hamlet, North Carolina, a grease fire breaks out at the Imperial Foods chicken processing plant, killing 25 people.
• 1994 - Sino-Soviet Split: Russia and the People's Republic of China agree to de-target their nuclear weapons against each other.
• 1997 - Arizona Governor Fife Symington is convicted for various crimes tied to his real estate business, effectively forcing him out of office.
• 1997 - A Vietnam Airlines Tupolev TU-134 crashes on approach into Phnom Penh airport, killing 64.
• 2004 - The Beslan school massacre ends in the deaths of approximately 344 teachers and children.

Births

• 1034 - Emperor Go-Sanjo of Japan (d. 1073)
• 1499 - Diane de Poitiers, mistress of Henri II of France (d. 1566)
• 1568 - Adriano Banchieri, Italian composer (d. 1634)
• 1675 - Paul Dudley, Attorney-General of Massachusetts (d. 1751)
• 1693 - Charles Radclyffe, British politician (d. 1746)
• 1695 - Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (d. 1764)
• 1710 - Abraham Trembley, Swiss naturalist (d. 1784)
• 1724 - Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester, British soldier and Governor of Quebec (d. 1808)
• 1781 - Eugène de Beauharnais, son of Napoleon's wife, Josephine (d. 1824)
• 1810 - Paul Kane, Canadian painter (d. 1871)
• 1849 - Sarah Orne Jewett, American writer (d. 1909)
• 1856 - Louis Sullivan, American architect (d. 1924)
• 1859 - Jean Jaurès, French Socialist leader (d. 1914)
• 1869 - Fritz Pregl, Austrian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1930)
• 1875 - Ferdinand Porsche, Austrian automotive engineer (d. 1951)
• 1887 - Frank Christian, American musician (d. 1973)
• 1899 - Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Australian biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1985)
• 1900 - Maurice Dobb, economist (d. 1976)
• 1900 - Urho Kekkonen, eighth President of Finland (d. 1986)
• 1905 - Carl David Anderson, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• 1907 - Loren Eiseley, American anthropologist (d. 1977)
• 1908 - Lev Semenovich Pontryagin, Russian mathematician (d. 1988)
• 1910 - Kitty Carlisle, American actress and television personality
• 1913 - Alan Ladd, American actor (d. 1964)
• 1914 - Dixy Lee Ray, Governor of Washington State (d. 1994)
• 1916 - Eddie Stanky, baseball player (d. 1999)
• 1917 - Anthony Robert Klitz, British artist (d. 2000)
• 1918 - Helen Wagner, American actress
• 1921 - Thurston Dart, English harpsichordist and conductor (d. 1971)
• 1923 - Mort Walker, American cartoonist
• 1928 - Gaston Thorn, President of the European Commission
• 1929 - Irene Papas, Greek actress
• 1930 - Cherry Wilder, New Zealand author (d. 2002)
• 1931 - Dick Motta, American basketball coach
• 1933 - Tompall Glaser, American singer
• 1933 - Freddie King, American Blues Musician
• 1938 - Eileen Brennan, American actress
• 1938 - Caryl Churchill, English playwright
• 1938 - Ryoji Noyori, Japanese chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• 1940 - Eduardo Galeano, Uruguayan journalist
• 1941 - Sergei Dovlatov, Russian writer (d. 1990)
• 1942 - Al Jardine, American musician (the Beach Boys)
• 1943 - Valerie Perrine, American actress
• 1947 - Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway
• 1949 - Patriarch Peter VII of Alexandria (d. 2004)
• 1950 - Doug Pinnick, American bassist and vocalist (King's X)
• 1955 - Steve Jones, English musician (Sex Pistols)
• 1957 - Garth Ancier, American television executive
• 1959 - Merritt Butrick, American actor (d. 1989)
• 1963 - Amber Lynn, American porn star
• 1964 - Adam Curry, Internet entrepreneur
• 1965 - Charlie Sheen, American actor
• 1969 - John Fugelsang, American actor
• 1969 - Dominic West, British actor
• 1970 - Gareth Southgate, English footballer
• 1976 - Vivek Oberoi, Indian actor
• 1976 - Ashley Jones, American actress
• 1977 - Olof Mellberg, Swedish footballer
• 1977 - Rui Marques, Angolan footballer
• 1978 - John Curtis, English footballer
• 1979 - Tomo Milicevic, Croatian musician (30 Seconds to Mars)
• 1979 - Júlio César, Brazilian footballer
• 1980 - The B.G., African American rapper
• 1980 - Jason McCaslin, Canadian bassist (Sum41)
• 1982 - Fearne Cotton, British television presenter
• 1982 - Kaori Natori, Japanese singer and model
• 1982 - Andrew McMahon, American singer and songwriter
• 1985 - Scott Carson, English footballer
• 1985 - Kelvin Wilson, English footballer
• 1985 - Tiana Ringer, American professional wrestler
• 1986 - Shaun White, American snowboarder and skateboarder

Deaths

• 1402 - Gian Galeazzo Visconti, Duke of Milan (b. 1351)
• 1420 - Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany, regent of Scotland
• 1592 - Robert Greene, English writer (b. 1558)
• 1634 - Edward Coke, English colonial entrepreneur and jurist (b. 1552)
• 1653 - Claudius Salmasius, French classical scholar (b. 1588)
• 1658 - Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England (b. 1599)
• 1662 - William Lenthall, English politician (b. 1591)
• 1720 - Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, 1st Viscount Galway, French soldier and diplomat (b. 1648)
• 1729 - Jean Hardouin, French scholar (b. 1646)
• 1766 - Archibald Bower, Scottish historian (b. 1686)
• 1808 - John Montgomery, American delegate to the Continental Congress (b. 1722)
• 1857 - John McLoughlin, Canadian trapper (b. 1784)
• 1860 - Aleksey Khomyakov, Russian poet (b. 1804)
• 1866 - Konstantin Flavitsky, Russian painter (b. 1830)
• 1883 - Ivan Turgenev, Russian author (b. 1818)
• 1893 - James Harrison, Scottish-born inventor (b. 1816)
• 1903 - Joseph Skipsey, British poet (b. 1832)
• 1914 - Albéric Magnard, French composer (b. 1865)
• 1948 - Edvard Beneš, President of Czechoslovakia (b. 1884)
• 1962 - E. E. Cummings, American poet (b. 1894)
• 1963 - Louis MacNeice, Northern Irish poet (b. 1907)
• 1964 - Stewart Holbrook, American author (b. 1893)
• 1967 - James Dunn, American actor (b. 1905)
• 1970 - Vince Lombardi, American football coach (b. 1913)
• 1970 - Alan Wilson, American blues musician, Canned Heat (b. 1943)
• 1974 - Harry Partch, American composer (b. 1901)
• 1980 - Duncan Renaldo, American actor (b. 1904)
• 1981 - Alec Waugh, English writer (b. 1898)
• 1987 - Morton Feldman, American composer (b. 1926)
• 1991 - Frank Capra, American film director (b. 1897)
• 1994 - James T. Aubrey, American television executive (b. 1918)
• 1996 - Emily Kame Kngwarreye, Australian Aboriginal artist (b. 1910)
• 2001 - Pauline Kael, American film critic (b. 1919)
• 2001 - Thuy Trang, American actress (b. 1973)
• 2003 - Paul Jennings Hill, American anti-abortion murderer (b. 1954)
• 2005 - Richard S.R. Fitter, British ornithologist and botanist (b. 1913)
• 2005 - William Rehnquist, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1924)

Holidays

• RC Saints - Pope Gregory I, Saint Marinus
• Qatar - Independence Day (from Great Britain, 1971)
• San Marino - Foundation (301) by Saint Marinus
• Taiwan/Republic of China - Armed Forces Day
• Australia - Flag Day

Trivia

• Date of death of Papa, subject of The Temptations hit record Papa Was a Rolling Stone.

External links

• BBC: On This Day

September 2 - September 4 - August 3 - October 3 – more historical anniversaries

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