is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). There are 222 days remaining.

Events

• 1430 - Joan of Arc is captured by the Burgundians while leading an army to relieve Compiègne. (See Siege of Compiègne.)
• 1498 - Girolamo Savonarola is executed on the orders of Pope Alexander VI
• 1533 - The marriage of King Henry VIII to Catherine of Aragon is declared null and void.
• 1541 - Jacques Cartier leaves St-Malo, France on his third voyage.
• 1555 - Paul IV becomes Pope.
• 1568 - Netherlands declared independence from Spain.
• 1568 - Dutch rebels led by Louis of Nassau, brother of William I of Orange, defeat Jean de Ligne, Duke of Aremberg and his loyalist troops in the Battle of Heiligerlee, opening the Eighty Years' War.
• 1609 - Official ratification of the Second Charter of Virginia takes place.
• 1618 - The Second Defenestration of Prague precipitates the Thirty Years' War.
• 1701 - After being convicted of piracy and of murdering William Moore, Captain William Kidd is hanged in London.
• 1706 - Battle of Ramillies - the John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough defeats a French army under Marshal Villeroi.
• 1788 - South Carolina becomes the 8th U.S. state to ratify the United States Constitution.
• 1805 - Napoleon Bonaparte is crowned King of Italy with the Iron Crown of Lombardy in the Cathedral of Milan.
• 1813 - South American independence leader Simón Bolívar enters Mérida, leading the invasion of Venezuela, and is proclaimed El Libertador ("The Liberator").
• 1844 - Persian Prophet the Báb announces his revelation, founding Bábísm. He announced to the world of the coming of "He whom God shall make manifest." He is considered the forerunner of Bahá'u'lláh, the founder of the Bahá'í Faith.
• 1863 - The Siege of Port Hudson starts.
• 1873 - The Canadian Parliament establishes the North West Mounted Police, the forerunner of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
• 1900 - American Civil War: Sergeant William Harvey Carney becomes the first African American to be awarded the Medal of Honor, for his heroism in the Assault on the Battery Wagner.
• 1911 - Dedication ceremony for the New York Public Library.
• 1915 - World War I: Italy joins the Allies after they declare war on Austria-Hungary.
• 1923 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA airline.
• 1929 - The first talking cartoon of Mickey Mouse, The Karnival Kid, was released.
• 1934 - American bank robbers Bonnie and Clyde were ambushed by police and killed in Black Lake, Louisiana.
• 1939 - The U.S. Navy submarine USS Squalus sinks off the coast of New Hampshire during a test dive, causing the death of 26 sailors. The remaining 32 crewmen and one passenger are rescued the following day.
• 1945 - World War II: Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS, commits suicide while in Allied custody.
• 1945 - World War II: The Flensburg government under Reichspräsident Karl Dönitz was dissolved when its members were captured and arrested by British forces at Flensburg in Northern Germany.
• 1949 - The Federal Republic of Germany is established, and the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany proclaimed.
• 1958 - Explorer I ceases transmission.
• 1960 - Prime Minister of Israel David Ben-Gurion announces that Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann has been captured.
• 1967 - Egypt closes the Straits of Tiran and blockades the port of Eilat at the northern end of the Gulf of Aqaba to Israeli shipping, laying the foundations for the Six Day War.
• 1969 - Rock band The Who release Tommy, the first rock opera.
• 1970 - An outbreak of fire occurs in the Britannia Bridge over the Menai Straits in north Wales contributing to its partial destruction and amounting to approximately £1,000,000 worth of fire damage.
• 1977 - Two terrorist actions unfold in The Netherlands: Several dozen hostages are taken onboard a train, and about 100 others (mostly children) are held at a Dutch school. The train siege lasts until June 11.
• 1985 - U.S. engineer Thomas Patrick Cavanagh is sentenced to life in prison for attempting to sell stealth bomber secrets to the Soviet Union.
• 1995 - Oklahoma City bombing: In Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, what remains of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building is imploded.
• 1997 - Mohammad Khatami is elected as President of Iran.
• 1998 - The Good Friday Agreement is accepted in a referendum, with a high margin of three-fourth 'yes' votes to Northern Ireland.
• 1999 - World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) superstar Owen Hart falls to his death during the Pay Per View Over the Edge at the Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri after a botched entrance stunt.
• 2002 - The "55 parties" clause of the Kyoto protocol is reached after its ratification by Iceland.
• 2003 - The euro exceeds its initial trading value as it hits ^*]1.18 for the first time since its introduction in 1999.
• 2003 - 25-year-old Nepalese Sherpa, Pemba Dorjie Sherpa, makes the fastest-ever ascent of Mount Everest, in 12 hours 45 minutes. This is broken by his rival Sherpa Lakpa Gelu only three days later.
• 2004 - Part of Paris Charles De Gaulle International Airport Terminal 2E collapses, killing four people and injuring three others.
• 2006 - World Wrestling Entertainment's Wreckless Intent CD is released.

Births

• 1052 - King Philip I of France (d. 1108)
• 1100 - Emperor Qinzong of China (d. 1161)
• 1606 - Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz, Spanish writer (d. 1682)
• 1617 - Elias Ashmole, English antiquarian (d. 1692)
• 1707 - Carolus Linnaeus, Swedish botanist (d. 1778)
• 1718 - William Hunter, Scottish anatomist (d.1783)
• 1729 - Giuseppe Parini, Italian writer (d. 1799)
• 1734 - Franz Anton Mesmer, Austrian physician/hypnotist (d.1815)
• 1790 - Jules Dumont d'Urville, French explorer (d. 1842)
• 1795 - Charles Barry , English architect (d. 1860)
• 1810 - Margaret Fuller, American journalist and feminist (d. 1850)
• 1820 - James Buchanan Eads, American engineer and inventor (d. 1887)
• 1824 - Ambrose Burnside, American Civil War general (d. 1881)
• 1834 - Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish painter (d. 1890)
• 1844 - `Abdu'l-Bahá, Persian leader of the Bahá'í Faith (d. 1921)
• 1848 - Otto Lilienthal, German aviation pioneer (d. 1896)
• 1865 - Epitácio Pessoa, Brazilian president (d.1942)
• 1875 - Alfred P. Sloan, American long-time president and chairman of General Motors (d. 1966)
• 1879 - Dezső Lauber, Hungarian sportsman (d. 1966)
• 1883 - Douglas Fairbanks, American actor (d. 1939)
• 1884 - Corrado Gini, Italian sociologist (d. 1965)
• 1887 - Thoralf Skolem, Norwegian mathematician (d. 1963)
• 1888 - Zack Wheat, baseball player (d. 1972)
• 1890 - Herbert Marshall, English actor (d. 1966)
• 1891 - Pär Lagerkvist, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1974)
• 1893 - Ulysses S. Grant IV, American geologist and paleontologist (d. 1977)
• 1898 - Scott O'Dell, American author (d. 1989)
• 1900 - Hans Frank, German Nazi war criminal (d. 1946)
• 1908 - John Bardeen, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
• 1910 - Margaret Wise Brown, American author (d. 1952)
• 1910 - Sir Hugh Casson, British architect and painter (d. 1999)
• 1910 - Scatman Crothers, American actor and musician (d. 1986)
• 1910 - Artie Shaw, American clarinetist and bandleader (d. 2004)
• 1912 - Jean Françaix, French composer (d. 1997)
• 1912 - John Payne, American actor (d. 1989)
• 1917 - Edward Norton Lorenz, American mathematician and meteorologist
• 1918 - Denis Compton, English cricketer (d. 1997)
• 1919 - Betty Garrett, American actress and dancer
• 1920 - Helen O'Connell, American singer (d. 1993)
• 1921 - James Blish, American author (d. 1975)
• 1921 - Humphrey Lyttelton, British musician
• 1925 - Joshua Lederberg, American molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• 1928 - Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (d. 2002)
• 1928 - Nigel Davenport , English actor
• 1928 - Pauline Julien, French Canadian singer (d. 1998)
• 1931 - Barbara Barrie, American actress
• 1933 - Joan Collins, English actress
• 1934 - Robert Moog, American inventor (d. 2005)
• 1936 - Ingeborg Hallstein, German opera singer
• 1936 - Charles Kimbrough, American actor
• 1938 - Peter Preston, British journalist and author
• 1939 - Reinhard Hauff, German film director
• 1939 - Michel Colombier, French composer and songwriter (d. 2004)
• 1944 - John Newcombe, Australian tennis player
• 1945 - Padmarajan, Indian film director (d. 1991)
• 1946 - Frederik de Groot, Dutch actor
• 1947 - Bernard Comrie, English linguist
• 1951 - Anatoly Karpov, Russian chess player
• 1952 - Anne-Marie David, French singer
• 1952 - Marvelous Marvin Hagler, American boxer
• 1955 - Luka Bloom, Irish Singer/Songwriter
• 1956 - Ursula Plassnik, Austrian politician
• 1956 - Buck Showalter, baseball player and manager
• 1958 - Mitch Albom, American writer
• 1958 - Drew Carey, American actor and comedian
• 1961 - Karen Duffy, American actress
• 1963 - Wally Dallenbach Jr., American race car driver and announcer
• 1964 - Allan Kayser, American actor
• 1964 - Ruth Metzler-Arnold, member of the Swiss Federal Council
• 1967 - Phil Selway, English drummer (Radiohead)
• 1970 - Yigal Amir, Israeli assassin of the Prime Minister of Israel Yitzhak Rabin
• 1971 - Charmaine Sinclair, Playboy model
• 1972 - Rubens Barrichello, Brazilian race car driver
• 1974 - Ken Jennings, American game show contestant
• 1974 - Jewel, American singer
• 1974 - Monica Naranjo, Spanish singer
• 1974 - Richard Jones (Stereophonics), Welsh musician
• 1976 - Kelly Monaco, American soap opera, General Hospital, star
• 1976 - Ricardinho, Brazilian footballer
• 1977 - Ilia Kulik, Russian figure skater
• 1978 - Scott Raynor, original drummer for San Diego Pop-punk trio Blink-182
• 1982 - Malene Mortensen, Danish singer
• 1983 - Patrick Martin, professional wrestler, more commonly known as Alex Shelley
• 1983 - Heidi Range, British singer (Sugababes)
• 1984 - Adam Wylie, American actor

Deaths

• 1125 - Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1081)
• 1304 - Jehan de Lescurel, French poet and composer
• 1498 - Girolamo Savonarola, Italian religious reformer and ruler of Florence (b. 1452)
• 1523 - Ashikaga Yoshitane, Japanese shogun (b. 1466)
• 1524 - Ismail I, Shah of Persia (b. 1487)
• 1662 - John Gauden, English bishop and writer (b. 1605)
• 1670 - Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (b. 1610)
• 1691 - Adrien Auzout, French astronomer (b. 1622)
• 1701 - Captain Kidd, Scottish pirate (b. 1645)
• 1752 - William Bradford, British-born printer (b. 1663)
• 1754 - John Wood, the Elder, English architect (b. 1704)
• 1783 - James Otis, American lawyer and patriot (b. 1725)
• 1786 - Móric Beňovský, Slovak explorer
• 1813 - Geraud Duroc, French general (b. 1772)
• 1825 - Ras Gugsa of Yejju, Regent of the Emperor of Ethiopia
• 1841 - Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher and theologian (b. 1765)
• 1846 - Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki, Polish politician (b. 1778)
• 1855 - Charles Robert Malden, English explorer (b. 1797)
• 1857 - Augustin Louis Cauchy, French mathematician {b. 1789)
• 1868 - Kit Carson, American trapper, scout, and Indian agent (b. 1809)
• 1886 - Leopold von Ranke, German historian (b. 1795)
• 1893 - Anton von Schmerling, Austrian statesman (b. 1805)
• 1895 - Franz Ernst Neumann, German mineralogist and physicist (b. 1798)
• 1906 - Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian writer (b. 1828)
• 1908 - François Coppée, French poet and novelist (b. 1842)
• 1920 - Svetozar Boroević, Austrian field marshal (b. 1856)
• 1934 - Clyde Barrow, American outlaw (b. 1909)
• 1934 - Bonnie Parker, American outlaw (b. 1910)
• 1937 - John D. Rockefeller, American entrepreneur (b. 1839)
• 1945 - Heinrich Himmler, Nazi official (b. 1900)
• 1965 - Earl Webb, baseball player (b. 1897)
• 1966 - Demchugdongrub, Mongolian politician (b. 1902)
• 1967 - Lionel Groulx, French Canadian priest and historian (b. 1878)
• 1975 - Moms Mabley, American comedian (b. 1894)
• 1981 - George Jessel, American actor (b. 1898)
• 1981 - David Lewis (politician), Canadian labour lawyer and politician (b. 1909)
• 1986 - Sterling Hayden, American actor (b. 1916)
• 1989 - Georgy Tovstonogov, Russian theatre director (b. 1915)
• 1991 - Wilhelm Kempff, German pianist and composer (b. 1895)
• 1992 - Giovanni Falcone, Italian judge (b. 1939)
• 1994 - Ray Candy, Professional wrestler
• 1999 - Owen Hart, Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1965)
• 2002 - Sam Snead, American golfer (b. 1912)
• 2003 - Jean Yanne, French actor and director (b. 1933)
• 2006 - Lloyd Bentsen, American politician (b. 1921)
• 2006 - Kazimierz Górski, Polish footballer (b. 1921)
• 2006 - Frits Bernard, American activist (b. 1920)
• 2006 - Clifford Antone, American businessman (b. 1950)

Holidays and observances

• Bahá'í Faith: Declaration of the Báb
• World Turtle Day
• Discordianism: Day of Disunity

Liturgical feast days

• Saint Desiderius
• Saint Guibert of Gemblours
• Saint Montana

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On this day in Canada

May 22 - May 24 - April 23 - June 23 – listing of all days

23 Mei | 23 مايو | 23 de mayo | 23 mê | 23 de mayu | 23 траўня | 23. maj | 23 май | 23 de maig | Çу, 23 | Mayo 23 | 23. květen | 23 di maghju | 23 Mai | 23. maj | 23. Mai | 23. mai | 23 Μαΐου | 23 de mayo | 23-a de majo | Maiatzaren 23 | 23. mai | 23 mai | 23 maaie | 23 di Mai | 23 Bealtaine | 23 de maio | ಮೇ ೨೩ | 5월 23일 | 23. svibnja | 23 di mayo | Mayo 23 | 23 Mei | 23 de maio | 23 may | 23 майы | 23. maí | 23 maggio | 23 במאי | 23 Mei | 23 მაისი | 23 môja | 23'ê gulanê | 23 Maii | 23. Mee | Gegužės 23 | 23 mei | Május 23 | 23 мај | 23 Mei | 23 mei | 5月23日 | 23 'e maggio | 23. mai | 23. mai | 23 de mai | Mayu 23 | 23 maja | 23 de Maio | 23 mai | 23 мая | Mayo 23 | Miessemánu 23. | 23 Mey | 23 Maj | 23 di maiu | May 23 | 23. máj | 23. maj | 23. мај | 23. toukokuuta | 23 maj | Mayo 23 | 23. May | మే 23 | 23 พฤษภาคม | 23 tháng 5 | 23 Mayıs | 23 травня | 23 d' may | 5月23日