1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar).
Events
January
February
March
- March 7 - Bloody Sunday in Selma, Alabama: Some 200 Alabama State Troopers attack 525 civil rights demonstrators.
- March 8 - Vietnam War: 3,500 United States Marines arrive in South Vietnam becoming the first American combat troops in Vietnam
- March 9 - Second march from Selma to Montgomery under the leadership of Martin Luther King, Jr. stops at the bridge that was the site of Bloody Sunday to hold a prayer service and return to Selma in obedience to a court restraining order. White supremacists beat up white Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb later that day in Selma, Alabama.
- March 10 - Goldie, a London Zoo golden eagle is recaptured after 13 days of freedom
- March 11 - White Unitarian Universalist minister James J. Reeb, beaten by White supremacists in Selma, Alabama on March 9 following the second march from Selma, dies in a hospital in Birmingham, Alabama.
- March 17 - In response to the events of March 7 and March 9 in Selma, Alabama, President Johnson sends a bill to Congress that forms the basis for the Voting Rights Act of 1965. It will be passed by the Senate May 26 and by the House July 10 and signed into law by President Johnson Aug. 6.
- March 18 - Cosmonaut Aleksei Leonov, leaving his spacecraft Voskhod 2 for 12 minutes, becomes the first person to walk in space
- March 21 - Ranger program: NASA launches Ranger 9 which is the last in a series of unmanned lunar space probes
- March 21 - Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr. begin march from Selma to the capitol in Montgomery
- March 23 - NASA launches Gemini III with the United States' first two-person crew into earth orbit (Gus Grissom and John Young).
- March 25 - Civil rights activists led by Martin Luther King, Jr. successfully end march from Selma, arriving at the capitol in Montgomery. Four Klansmen shoot and kill Detroit homemaker Viola Liuzzo as she drives marchers back to Selma at night after the march.
April
- April 6 - Launch of Early Bird communications satellite. It becomes operational May 2 and is placed in commercial service in June.
- April 9 - The West German parliament extends the statute of limitations on Nazi war crimes. Also, in Houston, Texas, the Harris County Domed Stadium (more commonly known as the Astrodome) was opened.
- April 11 - The Palm Sunday Tornado Outbreak: An estimated fifty-one tornadoes (forty-seven confirmed) hit in six Midwestern states killing anywhere from 256 to 271 people and injuring some 1,500 more.
- April 14 - In Cold Blood killers Richard Hickock and Perry Smith, convicted of murdering four members of the Herbert Clutter family of Holcomb, Kansas, are executed by hanging at the Kansas State Penitentiary for Men in Lansing, Kansas.
- April 21 - NY World's Fair in Flushing Meadows, NY, reopens.
- April 23 - The Pennine Way officially opened.
- April 24 - Bodies of Portuguese opposition politician Humberto Delgado and his secretary Arajaryr Moreira de Campos are found in a forest near Villanueva del Fresno, Spain. They were killed February 12.
- April 24 - In the Dominican Republic, officers and civilians loyal to deposed President Juan Bosch lead a mutiny against the right wing junta running the country, setting up a provisional government. Forces loyal to the deposed military-imposed government stage a countercoup the next day, and civil war breaks out, although the new government retains its hold on power.
- April 28 - US troops are sent to the Dominican Republic, by President Lyndon B. Johnson "for the stated purpose of protecting US citizens and preventing an alleged Communist takeover of the country", thus thwarting the possibility of "another Cuba".
- April 28 - Vietnam War: Australian Prime Minister Robert Menzies announces that the country will substantially increase its number of troops in South Vietnam, supposedly at the request of the Saigon government, although it is later revealed that Menzies had asked the leadership in Saigon to send the request at the behest of the Americans.
- April 29 - Australia announces that it is sending an infantry battalion to support the South Vietnam government.
May
June
July
August
- August 1 - Cigarette advertising banned in British television
- August 6 - US President Lyndon B. Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965 into United States law
- August 7 - Tunku Abdul Rahman, Prime Minister of Malaysia, recommends the expulsion of Singapore from the Federation of Malaysia, negotiating its separation with Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of the State of Singapore.
- August 9 - Singapore is expelled from the Federation of Malaysia, which recognizes it as a sovereign nation. Lee Kuan Yew announces Singapore's independence and assumes the position of Prime Minister of the new island nation.
- August 9 - An explosion at a missile plant in Arkansas kills 53
- August 9 - Indonesian president Sukarno collapses in public
- August 11 - Watts Riots begin in Los Angeles, California
- August 13 - Jefferson Airplane debut at the Matrix in San Francisco, California and begin to appear there regularly.
- August 18 - Vietnam War: Operation Starlite begins as 5,500 United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in Quang Ngai Province, in the first major American ground battle of the war. The Marines were tipped-off by a Viet Cong deserter who said that there was an attack planned against the US base at Chu Lai
- August 19 - At the Auschwitz trial in Frankfurt, 66 ex-SS personnel receive life sentences, 15 others smaller ones
- August 30 - Casey Stengel announces his retirement after 55 years in baseball
- August 30 - Rock musician Bob Dylan releases his influential album Highway 61 Revisited featuring the song "Like a Rolling Stone."
September
- September 2 - Pakistani troops enter the Indian sector of Kashmir
- September 6 - Indian troops march on Lahore
- September 7 - China announces that it will reinforce its troops in the Indian border
- September 7 - Vietnam War: In a follow-up to August's Operation Starlite, United States Marines and South Vietnamese forces initiate Operation Piranha on the Batangan Peninsula, 23 miles south of the Chu Lai Marine base
- September 8 - India opens two additional fronts against Pakistan
- September 9 - Sandy Koufax pitches a perfect game against the Chicago Cubs. The opposing pitcher, Bob Hendley, allowed only one run, which was unearned.
- September 9 - UN secretary general U Thant negotiates with Pakistani president Ayub Khan
- September 9 - U Thant recommends China for UN membership
- September 13 - Congress of Arab countries begins in Casablanca - Habib Bourguiba boycotts the meeting
- September 14 - Opening of fourth and final period of Second Vatican Council
- September 16 - China protests against Indian provocations in its border region
- September 16 - In Iraq, Prime Minister Arif Abd ar-Razzaq's attempted coup fails
- September 17 - King Constantine II of Greece forms a new government in Greece with Prime Minister Stephanos Stephanopoulos in an attempt to end a two-year old political crisis
- September 18 - China claims that US troops have used poison gas in South Vietnam
- September 18 - In Denmark, Palle Sörensen shoots four policemen in pursuit - apprehended the same day
- September 18 - Comet Ikeya-Seki is first sighted by Japanese astronomers
- September 19 - Soviet prime minister Alexey Kosygin invites the leaders of India and Pakistan to meet in Soviet Union to negotiate
- September 21 - Commander of US troops in Vietnam, general William Westmoreland, pleads Washington to cancel the ban to use mustard gas
- September 22 - Radio Peking announces that Indian troops have dismantled their equipment on the Chinese side of the border
- September 24 - Fighting between Indian and Pakistani troops erupts again
- September 24 - British governor of Aden cancels the Aden constitution and takes direct control of the protectorate because of the bad security situation
- September 27 - Largest tanker ship at the time, Tokyo Maru, launched in Yokohama
- September 28 - Fidel Castro announces that everybody who wants can immigrate to USA
- September 28 - Taal Volcano in Luzon, Philippines, erupts - hundreds dead
- September 30 - Alleged attempted communist coup in Indonesia. Indonesian army crushes it under the leadership of general Suharto
October
- October 1 - The Indonesian army takes effective control - leading many to suspect that the Communists were in fact merely a scapegoat.
- October 3 - Fidel Castro announces that Che Guevara has resigned and left the country.
- October 3 - U.S. President Lyndon Johnson signs an immigration bill which abolishes quotas based on national origin.
- October 4 - Prime minister Ian Smith of Rhodesia and Arthur Bottomley of the Commonwealth of Nations begin negotiations in London - they end on October 8 without results
- October 4 - Pope Paul VI visits the United States. He appears for a Mass in Yankee Stadium and makes a speech at the United Nations
- October 5 - Pakistan sever diplomatic relations with Malaysia because of the disagreement in UN
- October 6 - Ian Brady and Myra Hindley, the Moors Murderers, arrested.
- October 8 - Indonesian army arrests and executes communists
- October 8 - Olympic Committee admits East Germany as a member
- October 8 - The Post Office Tower opens in London
- October 9 - Yale University presents the "Vinland map"
- October 9 - Brigade of South Korean soldiers arrive in South Vietnam
- October 10 - First group of Cuban refugees travels to USA
- October 12 - Per Borten forms a government in Norway
- October 12 - UN general council recommends that United Kingdom try everything to stop a rebellion in Rhodesia
- October 13 - President of Congo, Joseph Kasavubu, fires Prime Minister Moise Tshombe and forms a provisional government with Evariste Kimba in a lead
- October 15 - Vietnam War: The anti-war student-run National Coordinating Committee to End the War in Vietnam stages the first public burning of a draft card in the United States
- October 16 - Suharto takes power in Indonesia
- October 17 - NY World's Fair at Flushing Meadows, NY, closes. Due to financial losses, some of the projected improvements on the park on the site fail to materialize.
- October 18 - Indonesian government declares communist party illegal
- October 20 - Ludwig Erhard elected as Chancellor in West Germany
- October 21 - Comet Ikeya-Seki approached perihelion, passing 450,000 kilometers from the sun
- October 21 - OAU meeting begins in Accra
- October 22 - French authors André Figueras and Jacques Laurent are fined for their comments against Charles De Gaulle
- October 22 - African countries demand that the United Kingdom use force to prevent Rhodesia from declaring unilateral independence
- October 24 - British Prime Minister Harold Wilson and Arthur Bottomley travel to Rhodesia for negotiations
- October 25 - Soviet Union declares its support of African countries in case Rhodesia unilaterally declares independence
- October 26
- October 27 - Brazilian president Branco removes power of parliament, legal courts and opposition parties
- October 28 - French foreign minister Couve de Murville travels to Moscow
- October 28 - Pope Paul VI announces that ecumenical council has decided that Jews are not collectively responsible for the killing of Christ
- October 28 - In St. Louis, Missouri, the 630-foot-tall parabolic steel Gateway Arch is completed
- October 29 - Kidnapping of Mehdi Ben Barka
- October 30 - Vietnam War: Just miles from Da Nang, United States Marines repel an intense attack by wave after wave of Viet Cong forces, killing 56 guerrillas. Among the dead, a sketch of Marine positions was found on the body of a 13-year-old Vietnamese boy who sold drinks to the Marines the day before.
- October 31 - Indonesian army announces that it is fighting with communist guerillas in Java
November
- November 2 - Republican John V. Lindsay elected mayor of New York City
- November 3 - Charles De Gaulle announces that he will stand in next presidential election
- November 5 - Martial law announced in Rhodesia. UN General Assembly accepts British intent to use force against Rhodesia if necessary with a vote of 82-9.
- November 6 - Freedom Flights begin: Cuba and the United States formally agree to start an airlift for Cubans who want to go to the United States (by 1971 250,000 Cubans take advantage of this program).
- November 8 - The British Indian Ocean Territory is created, consisting of Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches islands (on June 23, 1976 Aldabra, Farquhar and Des Roches were returned to Seychelles).
- November 9 - Northeast Blackout of 1965: Several U.S. states (VT, NH, MA, CT, RI, NY and portions of NJ) and parts of Canada are hit by a series of blackouts lasting up to 13 1/2 hours.
- November 9 - Vietnam War: In New York City, 22-year old Catholic Worker Movement member Roger Allen LaPorte sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building in protest of the war in Vietnam (this was the second such incident in a week; on November 2 32-year-old Quaker member Norman Morrison did the same thing in front of The Pentagon)
- November 11 - In Rhodesia (modern-day Zimbabwe), the white minority regime of Ian Smith unilaterally declares independence
- November 12 - UN Security Council resolution (voted 10-0) recommends that other countries would not recognize independent Rhodesia
- November 13 - The SS Yarmouth Castle burns and sinks 60 miles off Nassau with the loss of 90 lives.
- November 14 - Vietnam War: Battle of the Ia Drang begins - In the Ia Drang Valley of the Central Highlands in Vietnam, the first major engagement of the war between regular American and North Vietnamese forces begins
- November 15 - US racer Craig Breedlove sets a new land speed record of 600.601 mph
- November 16 - Venera program: The Soviet Union launches the Venera 3 space probe from Baikonur, Kazakhstan toward Venus (on March 1, 1966 it became the first spacecraft to reach the surface of another planet)
- November 20 - UN Security Council recommends that all states stop trading with Rhodesia
- November 23 - Soviet general Mikhail Kazakov becomes commander of Warsaw Pact
- November 24 - Queen Elizabeth of Belgium dies
- November 24 - Congolese lieutenant general Mobutu ousts Joseph Kasavubu and declares himself president
- November 26 - At the Hammaguira launch facility in the Sahara Desert, France launches a Diamant-A rocket with its first satellite, Asterix-1 on board, becoming the third country to enter space.
- November 27 - Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells US President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned major sweep operations needed to neutralize Viet Cong forces during the next year were to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000
- November 28 - Vietnam War: In response to US President Lyndon B. Johnson's call for "more flags" in Vietnam, Philippines President Elect Ferdinand Marcos announces he will send troops to help fight in South Vietnam.
- November 29 - Canadian satellite Alouette 2 is launched.
December
Unknown dates
Births
January
- January 1 - Laura Ingraham, American talk show host and author
- January 9 - Joely Richardson, British actress
- January 14 - Marc Delissen, Dutch field hockey player
- January 14 - Shamil Basayev, Chechen terrorist (d. 2006)
- January 15 - Adam Jones, American musician (Tool)
- January 15 - James Nesbitt, Northern Irish actor
- January 18 - Dave Attell, American comedian
- January 20 - Sophie, Countess of Wessex
- January 20 - John Michael Montgomery, American singer
- January 21 - Nigatu Chaffo, President of Arba Minch University
- January 22 - DJ Jazzy Jeff, American rapper and actor
- January 22 - Diane Lane, American actress
- January 26 - Natalia Yurchenko, Soviet gymnast
- January 27 - Alan Cumming, Scottish actor
- January 29 - Dominik Hasek, Czech hockey player
February
March
- March 1 - Booker T, Proffesional Wrestler, 5 Time WCW World Champion
- March 1 - Stewart Elliott, Canadian jockey
- March 4 - Andrew Collins, Britsh Radio DJ, and Journalist
- March 4 - Gary Helms, American kickboxer
- March 4 - Paul W.S. Anderson, British filmmaker, producer and screenwriter
- March 7 - Jesper Parnevik, Swedish golfer
- March 9 - Benito Santiago, baseball player
- March 10 - Rod Woodson, American football player
- March 11 - Jesse Jackson, Jr., American politician
- March 11 - Lawrence Llewelyn-Bowen, British television presenter
- March 12 - Steve Finley, baseball player
- March 14 - Kevin Brown, baseball player
- March 14 - Aamir Khan, Bollywood Actor
- March 24 - Mark Calaway, American professional wrestler AKA Undertaker
- March 25 - Sarah Jessica Parker, American actress
- March 25 - Stefka Kostadinova, Bulgarian high jumper and president of the Bulgarian Olympic Committee
April
- April 1 - Robert Steadman, English composer
- April 4 - Robert Downey Jr., American actor
- April 6 - Frank Black, American musician
- April 7 - Bill Bellamy, American actor and comedian
- April 15 - Linda Perry, American musician
- April 16 - Martin Lawrence, American actor, comedian, and producer
- April 21 - Ed Belfour, Canadian hockey player
- April 23 - Jamling Tenzing Norgay, Indian mountain climber
- April 26 - Kevin James, American comedian and actor
- April 28 - Steven Blum, American voice actor
May
June
July
- July 1 - Harald Zwart, Norwegian film director
- July 4 - Jo Whiley, British Radio DJ
- July 11 - Ernesto Hoost, Dutch kickboxer
- July 17 - Craig Morgan, American singer
- July 18 - Michael Sharrett, American actor
- July 19 - Stuart Scott, American sports reporter
- July 21 - Guðni Bergsson, Icelandic footballer
- July 22 - Shawn Michaels, American professional wrestler
- July 23 - Slash (Saul Hudson), American musician (Guns N' Roses)
- July 31 - J. K. Rowling, English author
August
September
- September 2 - Lennox Lewis, British boxer
- September 2 - Partho Sen-Gupta, Indian Independent Film-maker
- September 3 - Charlie Sheen, American actor
- September 11 - Moby, American musician
- September 11 - Paul Heyman American Wrestling promoter, ECW
- September 16 - Katy Kurtzman, American actress, director, and producer
- September 20 - Robert Rusler, American actor
- September 21 - Cheryl Hines, American actress
- September 25 - Scottie Pippen, American basketball player
- September 27 - Peter MacKay, Canadian politician
October
- October 1 - Andreas Keller, German field hockey player
- October 1 - Eman, Chef extraordinaire
- October 5 - Mario Lemieux, Canadian hockey player
- October 5 - Patrick Roy, Canadian hockey player
- October 8 - C-Jay Ramone, American bassist (The Ramones)
- October 10 - Chris Penn, American actor (d. 2006)
- October 14 - Steve Coogan, British Comedian & Actor
- October 16 - Steve Lamacq, British Radio DJ
- October 17 - Aravinda de Silva, Sri Lankan cricketer
- October 26 - Kenneth Rutherford, New Zealand cricketer
- October 14 - Constantine Koukias, Australian composer
- October 26 - Aaron Kwok, Hong Kong singer and actor
- October 30 - Gavin Rossdale, English musician
November
- November 2 - Shahrukh Khan, Indian actor
- November 3 - Ann Scott French novelist
- November 4 - Wayne Static American Singer (Static-X)
- November 5 - Famke Janssen, Dutch model and actress
- November 6 - Greg Graffin, American singer (Bad Religion)
- November 7 - Sigrun Wodars, German athlete
- November 9 - Bryn Terfel, Welsh baritone
- November 10 - Eddie Irvine, Northern Irish racecar driver
- November 21 - Björk, Icelandic singer, songwriter, and musician
- November 21 - Alexander Siddig, Sudanese-born actor
- November 25 - Cris Carter, American football player
- November 25 - Bernie Kosar, American football player
- November 25 - Tim Armstrong, American singer and musician
- November 30 - Ben Stiller, American actor
- November 30 - Tashi Tenzing, Indian mountaineer
December
Unknown dates
Deaths
January
February
March
- March 6 - Margaret Dumont, American actress (b. 1889)
- March 13 - Corrado Gini, Italian statistician (b. 1884)
- March 13 - Fan S. Noli, Albanian bishop, poet, and political figure (b. 1882)
- March 17 - Amos Alonzo Stagg, American baseball, basketball, and American football player and coach (b. 1862)
- March 18 - King Farouk I of Egypt (b. 1920)
- March 28 - Jack Hoxie, American actor, rodeo performer (b. 1885)
- March 28 - Mary, Princess Royal (b. 1897)
- March 30 - Philip Showalter Hench, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1896)
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Nobel prizes
1965
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