1882 (MDCCCLXXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Tuesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

• January 2 - John D. Rockefeller unites his oil holdings into the Standard Oil trust.
• February 2 - The Knights of Columbus are formed in New Haven, Connecticut
• February 3 - P. T. Barnum purchases the elephant Jumbo
• February 7 - In Mississippi City the last heavyweight boxing championship bareknuckle fight takes place.
• February 14 - Llanelli Conservative Association founded.
• March 2 – Robert Maclean fails to assassinate Queen Victoria at Windsor
• March 22 - Polygamy is outlawed by the U.S. Congress
• March 24 - Robert Koch announces the discovery of the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis).
• March 28 Republican Jules Ferry makes primary education in France free, non-clerical (laique) and obligatory.
• March 29 - The Knights of Columbus are established.
• March - Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claims to be the 'Reformer of Islam or Majaddid' of 14th Century.
• April 3 - Old West outlaw Jesse James is shot in the back and killed by Robert Ford for a $5,000 reward.
• May 2 – Charles Stewart Parnell released
• May 6 - "Invincibles", militant Irish republicans kill Lord Frederick Cavendish, chief secretary for Ireland and permanent undersecretary T.H. Burke in Phoenix Park, Dublin; "Chinese Exclusion Act" - the first important law which restricted immigration into the USA
• May 20 - Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.
• June 6 - A cyclone in the Arabian Sea causes flooding in Bombay harbor - about 100.000 dead
• June 30 – Assassin Charles Guiteau hanged
• July 11 - British troops occupy Alexandria and Suez Canal
• July 26 - Boers establish the republic of Stellaland in southern Africa.
• August 3 - The US Congress passed a new Immigration Act
• August 5 - Standard Oil of New Jersey is established.
• August 20 - Piotr Ilyitch Tchaikovsky's "1812 Overture" debuts in Moscow.
• September 5 - The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
• September 13 - British troops occupy Cairo - Egypt becomes British protectorate.
• October 14 - University of the Punjab is founded in present day Pakistan.
• October 16 - The Nickel Plate Railroad opens for business.
• November 16 - Royal Navy HMS Flirt destroys Abari village in Niger

Month/day unknown

• Nikola Tesla conceives rotating magnetic field principle and uses it to invent the alternating current generator/motor
• First Polar Year, an international scientific program.
• Ferdinand von Lindemann publishes his proof of the transcendentality of pi
• Married Women's Property Act in Britain enables women to buy, own and sell property and to keep their own earnings
• Zulu king Cetshwayo returns to South Africa
• Peace treaty between Paraguay and Uruguay
• The British Chartered Institute of Patent Agents is founded.
• Personal Liberty League established to oppose temperance movement in United States.
• Carolyn Merrick elected president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
• St Andrew's Ambulance Association established in Glasgow, Scotland.
• Waterloo Rugby Club founded.
• Albion Rovers F.C. were founded with the amalgamation of two Coatbridge clubs Albion and Rovers.

Births

January-April

• January 6 - Fan S. Noli, Albanian poet and political figure (d. 1965)
• January 6 - Sam Rayburn, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1961)
• January 17 - Noah Beery, American actor (d. 1946)
• January 18 - A. A. Milne, British author (d. 1956)
• January 25 - Virginia Woolf, English writer (d. 1941)
• January 30 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 32nd President of the United States (d. 1945)
• February 1 - Louis Stephen St. Laurent, twelfth Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1973)
• February 2 - James Joyce, Irish author (d. 1941)
• February 4 - E. J. Pratt, Canadian poet born Newfoundland (d. 1964)
• February 15 - John Barrymore, American actor (d. 1942)
• February 22 - Eric Gill, British sculptor and writer (d. 1940)
• February 26 - Husband E. Kimmel, American admiral (d. 1968)
• February 28 - Geraldine Farrar, American soprano (d. 1967)
• March 6 - F. Burrall Hoffman, American architect {d. 1980)
• March 14 - Waclaw Sierpinski Polish mathematician (d. 1969)
• March 15 - Jim Lightbody, American runner (d. 1953)
• March 18 - Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer (d. 1973)
• March 23 - Emmy Noether, German mathematician (d. 1935)
• March 26 - Hermann Obrecht, Swiss Federal Councilor (d. 1940)
• April 4 - Kurt von Schleicher, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1934)
• April 17 - Artur Schnabel, Polish pianist (d. 1951)
• April 18 - Isabel J. Cox, wife of Canadian prime minister Arthur Meighen (d. 1985)
• April 18 - Leopold Stokowski, English conductor (d. 1977)
• April 21 - Percy Williams Bridgman, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1961)
• April 29 - H.N. Werkman, Dutch artist and printer (d. 1945)

May-December

• May 6 - Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany, heir of Kaiser Wilhelm II (d. 1951)
• May 9 - Henry J. Kaiser, American industrialist (d. 1967)
• May 9 - George Barker, American painter (d. 1965)
• May 13 - Georges Braque, French painter (d. 1963)
• May 19 - Mohammed Mossadegh, Iranian prime minister (d. 1967)
• May 20 - Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1949)
• May 30 - Wyndham Halswelle, British runner (d. 1915)
• June 9 - Bobby Kerr, Canadian sprinter (d. 1963)
• June 15 - Ion Antonescu, Romanian prime minister and dictator (d. 1946)
• June 17 - Igor Stravinsky, Russian composer (d. 1971)
• August 14 - Gisela Richter, English art historian (d. 1972)
• August 17 - Samuel Goldwyn, Hollywood movie mogul (d. 1974)
• August 25 - Sean T. O'Kelly, second President of Ireland (d. 1966)
• August 26 - James Franck, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1964)
• October 3 - A. Y. Jackson, Canadian painter (d. 1974)
• October 5 - Robert Goddard, American rocket scientist (d. 1945)
• October 6 - Karol Szymanowski, Polish composer (d. 1937)
• October 14 - Eamon de Valera, Taoiseach and third President of Ireland (d. 1975)
• October 14 - Charlie Parker, English cricketer (d. 1959)
• November 11 - King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden (d. 1973)
• December 9 - Joaquín Turina, Spanish composer (d. 1949)
• December 11 - Subramanya Bharathy, Tamil Indian poet (d. 1921)
• December 11 - Max Born, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1970)
• December 16 - Zoltán Kodály, Hungarian composer (d. 1967)

Deaths

• January 13 - Juraj Dobrila, Croatian bishop (b. 1812)
• February 6 - J. J. McCarthy, Irish Architect (b. 1817)
• March 24 - Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, American author (b. 1807)
• April 3 - Jesse James, American Western outlaw (b. 1847)
• April 10 - Dante Gabriel Rossetti, English poet and painter (b. 1828)
• April 19 - Charles Darwin, British naturalist (b. 1809)
• April 27 - Ralph Waldo Emerson, American philosopher and writer (b. 1803)
• June 2 - Giuseppe Garibaldi, Italian patriot (b. 1807)
• June 3 - Christian Wilberg, German painter (b. 1839)
• June 25 - François Jouffroy, French sculptor (b. 1806)
• July 4 - Joseph Brackett, Shaker religious leader and composer (b. 1797)
• July 16 - Mary Todd Lincoln, First Lady of the United States (b. 1818)
• September 8 - Joseph Liouville, French mathematician (b. 1809)
• December 3 - Archibald Campbell Tait, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1811)
  • December 6 - Alfred Escher, Swiss politician, railroad entrepreneur (b. 1819)
  • December 6 - Louis Blanc, French politician and historian (b. 1811)
• December 18 - Henry James Sr., American theologian (b. 1811)
• December 21 - Francesco Hayez, painter (b. 1791)
• December 31 - Léon Gambetta, French statesman (b. 1838)

1882

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