1877 (MDCCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar).
Events
January - April
May - August
- May 5 - Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.
- May 6 - Realizing that his people were weakened by cold and hunger, Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Sioux surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
- May 8 - At Gilmore's Gardens in New York City, the first Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show opens (ends May 11).
- May 10 - Romania declares itself independent from Ottoman Empire (recognized in 1881 after the end of the Romanian independence war).
- May 16 - May 16, 1877 political crisis in France
- May 16 - Romania declares war on Ottoman Empire
- June 15 - Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the United States Military Academy.
- June 21 - The Molly Maquires hanged at Carbon County prison in Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania
- June 26 - Eruption of Mount Cotopaxi in Ecuador causes severe mudflows that wipe out surrounding cities and valleys - 1000 dead
- June 30 - British Mediterranean fleet is sent to Besika Bay
- July 9 - All England Croquet and Lawn Tennis Club begins its first lawn tennis tournament at Wimbledon.
- July 10 - The then villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
- July 19 - Russo-Turkish War, 1877–1878: First battle in the Siege of Pleven.
- July 16 - Great railroad strike of 1877 begins. Riots by Baltimore and Ohio Railroad railroad workers in Baltimore, Maryland lead to a sympathy strike and rioting in Pittsburgh, and a full-scale worker's rebellion in St. Louis, briefly establishing a Communist government before President Hayes calls in the armed forces.
- July 30 - Second battle in the Siege of Pleven.
- August 9 - Indian Wars: Battle of Big Hole - Near Big Hole River in Montana, a small band of Nez Percé Indians who refused government orders to move to a reservation, clash with the United States Army. The army lost 29 soldiers and Indians lost 89 warriors in a US Army win.
- August 12 - Asaph Hall discovers Deimos, outer moon of Mars.
- August 17 - Arizona blacksmith F.P. Cahill is fatally wounded by Billy the Kid. Cahill will die the next day, becoming the first person killed by the Kid.
- August 18 - Asaph Hall discovers Phobos, inner moon of Mars.
September - December
Ongoing events
Unknown date
Births
- January 2 - Slava Raskaj, Croatian painter (d. 1906)
- February 7 - G. H. Hardy, British mathematician (d. 1947)
- February 14 - Edmund Landau, German mathematician (d. 1938)
- February 17 - André Maginot, French politician (d. 1932)
- February 19 - Gabriele Münter, German painter (d. 1962)
- February 25 - Erich von Hornbostel, Austrian musicologist (d. 1935)
- March 2 - Consuelo Vanderbilt, Duchess of Marlborough (d. 1964)
- March 16 - Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran (d. 1944)
- March 18 - Edgar Cayce, American psychic (d. 1945)
- May 3 - Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst (d. 1925)
- June 4 - Heinrich Otto Wieland, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1957)
- June 7 - Charles Glover Barkla, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1944)
- June 14 - Jane Bathori, French opera singer (d. 1970)
- July 2 - Hermann Hesse, German-born writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
- July 6 - Arnaud Massy, French golfer (d. 1950)
- July 13 - Erik Scavenius, Prime Minister of Denmark (d. 1962)
- July 19 - Arthur Fielder, English cricketer (d. 1949)
- July 17 - Ernst von Dohnanyi, Hungarian conductor (d. 1960)
- August 6 - Wallace H. White, Jr., U.S. Senator from Maine (d. 1952)
- August 7 - Ulrich Salchow, Swedish figure skater (d. 1949)
- September 1 - Francis William Aston, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1945)
- September 2 - Frederick Soddy, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1956)
- September 6 - Buddy Bolden, American jazz musician (d. 1930)
- September 26 - Alfred Cortot, Swiss pianist (d. 1962)
- October 4 - Razor Smith, English cricketer (d. 1946)
- October 27 - George Thompson, English cricketer (d. 1943)
- November 15 - William Hope Hodgson, English author (d. 1918)
- November 22 - Endre Ady, Hungarian poet (d. 1919)
- December 3 - Richard Pearse, New Zealand airplane pioneer (d. 1953)
- Alois Kayser, German missionary (d. 1944)
Deaths
1877
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