1852 (MDCCCLII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Saturday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar).

Events

• January 14 - President Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte proclaims a new constitution for the French Second Republic.
• January 17 - United Kingdom recognizes independence of the Transvaal
• Devil's Island penal colony opens
• February 3 - Battle of Caseros or Battle of Monte Caseros, Argentina. The Argentinean provinces of Entre Rios and Corrientes allied with Brazil and members of Colorado Party of Uruguay, defeats Buenos Aires troops under Juan Manuel Rosas.
• February 11 - First British public toilet for women opens in Bedford Street, London
• February 15 - Great Ormond St Hospital for Sick Children, London, admits first patient
• February 16 - Studebaker Brothers wagon company, precursor of the automobile manufacturer, is established
• February 19 - The Phi Kappa Psi fraternity is founded at Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania
• March 1 - Archibald William Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton appointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
• April 1 - Start of Second Burmese War
• September 24 - French engineer Henri Giffard makes the first airship trip from Paris to Trappes
• October 6 - In Mexico, French settlers under Count Gaston Raousset-Boulbon occupy the city of Hermosillo and declare the Republic of Sonora. The attempt falters when the count contracts dysentery
• November 2 - Democrat Franklin Pierce of New Hampshire defeats Whig Winfield Scott of Virginia in the U.S. presidential election
• November 4 - Count Cavour becomes Piedmont prime minister
• November 11 - New Palace of Westminster opened in Britain
• November 21/November 22 New French Empire confirmed by plebiscite: 7,824,000 for, 253,000 against
• December 2 - Napoleon III becomes Emperor of France.
• December 31-Richard Owen hosts a party inside a plaster Iguanodon.

• French replace semaphores with Morse telegraphs
• Justin Perkins, an American Presbyterian missionary, produces the first translation of the Bible in Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, which is published with the parallel text of the Syriac Peshitta by the American Bible Society
• Uncle Tom's Cabin published

Births

• January 8 - James Milton Carroll, Baptist pastor, leader, historian, and author (d. 1931)
• January 11 - Konstantin Fehrenbach, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1926)
• February 16 - Charles Taze Russell - American preacher (d. 1916)
• March 1 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (d. 1923)
• April 1 - Edwin Austin Abbey, American painter (d. 1911)
• April 13 - F.W. Woolworth, American merchant and businessman (d. 1919)
• April 22 - Guillaume IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (d. 1912)
• May 1 - Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Spanish histologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1934)
• May 4 - Alice Pleasance Liddell, English schoolgirl inspiration for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (d. 1934)
• May 31 - Julius Richard Petri, German bacteriologist (d. 1921)
• July 12 - Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina (d. 1933)
• July - Salluste Duval, Canadian inventor (d. 1917)
• August 30 - Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1911)
• September 12 - Herbert Henry Asquith, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1928)
• September 15 - Edward Bouchet, American physicist (d. 1918)
• September 28 - Henri Moissan, French chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1907)
• October 2 - William Ramsay, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1916)
• October 9 - Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1919)
• November 1 - Eugene W. Chafin, American politician (d. 1920)
• November 3 - Mutsuhito of Japan, Meiji Emperor (d. 1912)
• November 11 - Franz Conrad von Hötzendorf, Austro-Hungarian field marshal (d. 1925)
• November 22 - Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant, French diplomat, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1924)
• December 15 - Henri Becquerel, French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1908)
• December 19 - Albert Abraham Michelson, German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1931)

Deaths

• January 6 - Louis Braille, French teacher of the blind (b. 1809)
• March 4 - Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (b. 1809)
• April 17 - Étienne Maurice Gérard, Marshal of France and Prime Minister of France (b. 1773)
• June 29 - Henry Clay, American Senator (b. 1777)
• July 22 - Auguste Marmont, French marshal (b. 1774)
• September 4 - William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist and ornithologist (b. 1796)
• September 14 - Augustus Pugin, English architect (b. 1812)
• September 14 - Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British general and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1769)
• September 20 - Philander Chase, American founder of Kenyon College (b. 1775)
• October 24 - Daniel Webster, American statesman (b. 1782)
• November 27 - Augusta Ada King (neé Byron), Countess of Lovelace, early English computer pioneer (b. 1815)
• November 29 - Nicolae Bălcescu, Wallachian revolutionary (b. 1819)
• November 30 - Junius Brutus Booth, English-born actor (b. 1796)

1852

1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852년 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852年 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | พ.ศ. 2395 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852 | 1852年