1831

1831 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar).

February-March - Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops.
February 14 - Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis in the Battle of Debre Abbay.
February 20 - Battle of Grochow. Polish rebel forces divide a Russian army.
March 10 – French Foreign Legion founded.
April 7 - Pedro I of Brazil abdicates as emperor of Brazil in favor of his son Pedro II of Brazil.
May 26 - Battle of Ostroleka. The Poles fight another indecisive battle.
July 21 - Inauguration of Léopold I of Belgium, first king of the Belgians.
August 2 - Dutch invasion of Belgium. It is repelled by a French army (ten-day campaign).
August 21 - USA: Outbreak of Nat Turner's slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia.
September 6-8 - Battle of Warsaw - The Russians take the Polish capital and crush resistance.
December 27 - Charles Darwin embarks on his historic journey aboard the HMS Beagle.
December 31 - Gramercy Park is deeded to New York City.

January 7 - Heinrich von Stephan, German postal union organizer (d. 1897)
February 24 - Leo von Caprivi, Chancellor of Germany (d. 1899)
March 3 - George Pullman, American inventor and industrialist (d. 1897)
March 12 - Clement Studebaker, American automobile pioneer (d. 1901)
March 20 - Solomon L. Spink, U.S. Congressman from Illinois (d. 1881)
June 1 - John Bell Hood, American Confederate general (d. 1879)
June 13 - James Clark Maxwell, Scottish physicist (d. 1879)
June 28 - Joseph Joachim, Austrian violinist (d. 1907)
July 22 - Emperor Komei of Japan (d. 1867)
12 August - Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, Russian-born author and theosophist (d. 1891)
September 18 - Siegfried Marcus, German-born automobile pioneer (d. 1898)
October 6 - Richard Dedekind, German mathematician (d. 1916)
October 18 - Emperor Frederick III of Germany (d. 1888)
October 31 - Romualdo Pacheco, Governor of California (d. 1899)

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