1813

1813 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar).

April 27 - War of 1812: Battle of York - United States troops raid, destroy, but do not hold the capital of Ontario, York (present day Toronto, Ontario).

June 6 - War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek - A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeat an American force three times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.
June 21 - Peninsular War: Battle of Vitoria - A British, Spanish, and Portuguese force of 78,000 with 96 guns under Wellington defeats a French force of 58,000 with 153 guns under Joseph Bonaparte to end the Peninsular War.

September - Robert Southey becomes Poet Laureate of Britain
September 10 - War of 1812: Oliver Hazard Perry defeats a British fleet in the Battle of Lake Erie

October 5 - War of 1812: William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames, killing native leader Tecumseh
October 14 - After a ceremony in Caracas, Venezuela, the municipality gives Simón Bolívar the title of El Libertador.
October 16-October 19 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Leipzig
October 24-November 5 - Persia and Russia sign the Gulistan Treaty of 1813 at the end of the first Russo-Persian Wars (1804-1813) by which Persia (Iran) loses all its territories to the north of Aras River to the Russians.
October 25 - War of 1812: Charles de Salaberry defeats an American invasion at the Battle of Chateauguay

November 11 - War of 1812: the Americans are defeated at the Battle of Crysler's Farm
November 21 - An independent government is restored in the Netherlands.

Russian troops reach and take Berlin without a fight after the French garrison evacuated the city.
Mathieu Orfila publishes his groundbreaking Trait des poisons, formalizing the field of toxicology.
George Hamilton-Gordon serves as ambassador extraordinaire in Vienna.
Following the death of his father Wossen Seged, Sahle Selassie arrives at the capital Qundi before his other brothers, and is made Meridazmach of Shewa.
The Philomathean Society of the University of Pennsylvania is founded. It is the oldest continuously-existing literary society in the United States.

January 19 - Sir Henry Bessemer, English inventor (d. 1898)
January 21 - John C. Frémont, American soldier and explorer (d. 1890)
January 26 - Juan Pablo Duarte, Founder of the Dominican Republic (d. 1876)
February 11 - Otto Ludwig, German writer (d. 1865)
March 18 - Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright (d. 1863)
March 19 - David Livingstone, English missionary and explorer (d. 1873)
March 21 - James Strang, Mormon splinter group leader (d. 1856)
March 27 - Nathaniel Currier, American illustrator (d. 1888)
April 23 - Stephen A. Douglas, U.S. Senator from Illinois and Presidential candidate (d. 1861)
May 5 - Soren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (d. 1855)
May 21 - Robert Murray M'Cheyne, Scottish clergyman (d. 1843)
May 22 - Richard Wagner, German composer (d. 1883)
June 24 - Henry Ward Beecher, American clergyman and reformer (d. 1887)
July 19 - Samuel M. Kier, American industrialist (d. 1874)
October 10 - Giuseppe Verdi, Italian composer (d. 1901)
October 17 - Georg Büchner, German playwright (d. 1837)
December 13 - David Spangler Kaufman, U.S. Congressman from Texas (d. 1851)
December 19 - Thomas Andrews, Irish chemist (d.1885)
Abbas I, Pasha of Egypt (d. 1854)
John Miley, American Methodist theologian (d. 1895)

January 6 - Louis Baraguey d'Hilliers, French general (b. 1764)
January 20 - Christoph Martin Wieland, German writer (b. 1733)
February 13 - Samuel Ashe, Governor of North Carolina (b. 1725)
February 26 - Robert Linvingston, American signer of the Declaration of Independence (b. 1746)
April 10 - Joseph Louis Lagrange, Italian mathematician (b. 1746)
April 27 - Zebulon Pike, American general (b. 1779)
April 28 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (b. 1745)
May 1 - Jean-Baptiste Bessières, French marshal (killed in combat) (b. 1768)
May 23 - Geraud Duroc, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1772)
June 6 - Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart, French architect (b. 1739)
June 17 - Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (b. 1726)
June 28 - Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (b. 1755)
July 29 - Jean-Andoche Junot, French general (suicide) (b. 1771)
August 11 - Henry James Pye, English poet (b. 1745)
August 23 - Alexander Wilson, Scottish-born ornithologist (b. 1766)
September 2 - Jean Victor Marie Moreau, French general (mortally wounded in battle) (b. 1763)
October 5 - Tecumseh, Shawnee leader
October 19 - Józef Antoni Poniatowski, Polish prince and Marshal of France (friendly fire) (b. 1763)
November 12 - Jean de Crévecoeur, French-American writer (b. 1735)
December 24 - Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (b. 1740)
Wossen Seged, Meridazmach of Shewa (murdered)

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