1758 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar).

Events

• First European settlement in what is now Erie County by the French at the mouth of Buffalo Creek.
• Pope Clement XIII ascends to papacy
• Rudjer Boscovich publishes his atomic theory in Theoria philosophiae naturalis redacta ad unicam legem virium in nalura existentium
• James Abercrombie replaces the earl of Loudoun as supreme commander in the American colonies. He is replaced himself after failing to take the fort at Ticonderoga.
• Fire destroys part of Oslo, then called Christiania.
• Carolus Linnaeus publishes the first volume (Animalia) of the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae, the starting point of modern zoological nomenclature.

January

February

March

April

• April 29 - Battle of the Bay of Bengal: A British fleet under Sir George Pocock engages the French fleet of Anne Antoine d'Aché indecisively near Madras.

May

• May 21 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: Mary Campbell is abducted from her home in Pennsylvania by Lenape.

June

• June 12 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: Siege of Louisbourg: James Wolfe's attack at Louisbourg, Nova Scotia commences.
• June 23 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Krefeld - Anglo-Hanoverian forces under Ferdinand of Brunswick defeat the French.
• June 30 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Domstadtl - Austrian forces under Ernst Gideon von Laudon and Joseph von Siskovits routed an enormous convoy with supplies for Prussian army guarded by strong troops of Hans Joachim von Zieten.

July

• July 8 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: French forces hold Fort Carillon against British at Ticonderoga, New York.
• July 25 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: The island battery at Fortress Louisbourg is silenced and all French warships are destroyed or taken.

August

• August 3 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Negapatam: Off the coast of India, Admiral Pocock again engages d'Aché's French fleet, this time with more success.
• August 25 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Zorndorf: Frederick defeats the Russian army of Count Wilhelm Fermor near the Oder.

September

• September 3 - Tavora affair: attempted assassination of Joseph I of Portugal
• September 14 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: Battle of Fort Duquesne: A British attack on Fort Duquesne is defeated.

October

• October 14 - Seven Years' War: Battle of Hochkirch: Frederick loses a hard-fought battle against the Austrians under Marshal Leopold von Daun, who besieges Dresden.

November

• November 25 - Seven Years' War: French and Indian War: French forces abandon Fort Duquesne to British control.

December

• December 25 - Halley's Comet appears for the first time after Halley's discovery of it.

Ongoing events

• French and Indian War (1754-1763)
• Seven Years' War (1756-1763)

Births

• William Campbell, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Upper Canada and a resident of Toronto (died 1834)
• January 6 - Charles Ganilh, French economist and politician (died 1836)
• January 9 - George Leveson-Gower, 1st Duke of Sutherland (died 1833)
• January 11 - François Louis Bourdon, French Revolutionary politician (died 1797)
• January 24 - Frederick Ponsonby, 3rd Earl of Bessborough (died 1844)
• February 4 - George Thicknesse, 19th Baron Audley (died 1818)
• February 12 - David Ochterlony (died 1825)
• February 23 - Francis Napier, 8th Lord Napier (died 1823)
• February 23 - Vasily Kapnist, Ukrainian poet and playwright (died 1823)
• February 28 - Nicolas François, Count Mollien, French financier (died 1850)
• March 6 - William Russell, U.S. soldier (died 1825)
• March 9 - Franz Joseph Gall, German pioneering neuroanatomist (died 1828)
• March 25 - Richard Dobbs Spaight, Governor of North Carolina (died 1802)
• April 1 - Benjamin Mooers, U.S. soldier (died 1838)
• April 4 - John Hoppner, English portrait-painter (died 1810)
• April 16 - Christian Karl August Ludwig von Massenbach, Prussian soldier (died 1827)
• April 19 - Fisher Ames, U.S. Congressman for Massachusetts (died 1808)
• April 22 - Francisco Javier Castaños, 1st Duke of Bailén, Spanish general (died 1852)
• April 23 - Alexander Hood, officer of the Royal Navy (died 1798)
• April 23 - Alexander Cochrane, officer of the Royal Navy (died 1832)
• April 23 - Philip Gidley King, English naval officer and colonial administrator (died 1808)
• April 27 - Charles Dumont de Sainte Croix, French zoologist (died 1830)
• April 28 - James Monroe, 5th President of the United States (died 1831)
• April 29 - Georg Carl von Döbeln, Swedish soldier (died 1820)
• May 6 - Maximilien Robespierre, French revolutionary (executed) (died 1794)
• May 6 - André Masséna, Napoleonic general and Marshal of France (died 1817)
• May 8 - John Heath, U.S. Representative for Virginia (died 1810)
• May 15 - Thomas Taylor, British translator (died 1835)
• May 17 - Sir John St Aubyn, 5th Baronet, British fossil collector (died 1839)
• May 17 - Honoré IV, Prince of Monaco (died 1819)
• June 19 - Raffaello Sanzio Morghen, Italian engraver (died 1833)
• June 30 - James Stephen, British lawyer (died 1832)
• July 25 - Elizabeth Hamilton, English writer (died 1816)
• July 31 - Jeremiah Colegrove, U.S. farmer, manufacturer and soldier (died 1836)
• August 5 - Emperor Go-Momozono (died 1779)
• August 10 - Armand Gensonné, French politician (died 1793)
• August 24 - Edward James Eliot, English politician (died 1797)
• August 24 - Sophia Frederica of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (died 1794)
• August 25 - Israel Pellew, English naval officer (died 1832)
• September 1 - George Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer, English Whig politician (died 1834)
• September 9 - Alexander Nasmyth, Scottish portrait and landscape painter (died 1840)
• September 10 - Hannah Webster Foster, U.S. novelist (died 1840)
• September 18 - Louis Friant, French Napoleonic soldier (died 1829)
• September 20 - Jean-Jacques Dessalines, leader of the Haïtian Revolution (died 1806)
• September 21 - Silvestre de Sacy, French linguist and orientalist (died 1838)
• September 21 - Christopher Gore, U.S. lawyer and politician (died 1827)
• September 29 - Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson, British admiral (died 1805)
• October 11 - Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers, German astronomer (died 1840)
• October 12 - James Davenport, U.S. Representative for Connecticut (died 1797)
• October 12 - Theodorus Bailey, U.S. Representative for New York (died 1828)
• October 15 - Johann Heinrich von Dannecker, German sculptor (died 1841)
• October 16 - John Paulding, U.S. soldier (died 1818)
• October 16 - Noah Webster, U.S. lexicographer (died 1843)
• October 28 - John Sibthorp, English botanist (died 1796)
• October 28 - Joseph-François-Louis-Charles de Damas, French general (died 1829)
• November 5 - Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, French botanist (died 1831)
• November 11 - Carl Friedrich Zelter, German composer (died 1832)
• November 12 - Jean Joseph Mounier, French politician (died 1806)
• November 20 - Abraham B. Venable, U.S. Representative for Virginia (died 1811)
• November 25 - John Armstrong, Jr., U.S. soldier and statesman (died 1843)
• December 5 - George Beauclerk, 4th Duke of St Albans (died 1787)
• December 9 - Richard Colt Hoare, English antiquarian and archaeologist (died 1838)
• Charles d'Abancourt, French statesman (murdered in prison) (died 1792)
• Cosme Argerich, Argentine Surgeon General (died 1820)
• Fanny von Arnstein, Austrian society hostess (died 1802)
• Caleb P. Bennett, U.S. soldier and politician (died 717)
• Joseph Billings, English navigator and explorer (died 363)
• Johann Heinrich Bleuler, Swiss painter (died 1823)
• Joshua Booth, soldier and political figure in Upper Canada (died 363)
• René Richard Louis Castel, French poet and naturist (died 1832)
• Jacques Antoine Marie de Cazalès, French orator and politician (died 1805)
• Georges Antoine Chabot, French jurist and statesman (died 1819)
• Joshua Coit, U.S. lawyer and politician (died 736)
• John Cranch, English naturalist and explorer (died 1816)
• Vincenzo, Count Dandolo, Italian chemist and agriculturist (died 1819)
• James Donn, English botanist (died 1813)
• Robert Dundas of Arniston, Scottish judge (died 1819)
• Jens Schou Fabricius, Norwegian Minister of the Navy (died 1841)
• Nicholas Fish, U.S. Revolutionary soldier (died 1833)
• John Foster, Sr., British architect (died 1827)
• Anthimos Gazis, Greek scholar and philosopher (died 1828)
• Thomas Gisbourne, Anglican priest and abolitionist (died 1846)
• Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki, Polish soldier (died 1794)
• Samuel Hardy, U.S. lawyer and statesman from Virginia (died 1785)
• Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros, Spanish naval officer (died 1829)
• Kamehameha I, King of Hawaii (died c. 1819)
• Maximus von Imhof, German physicist (died 1817)
• Maximin Isnard, French revolutionist (died 1825)
• Jean Baptiste Eble, French general (died 1812)
• Stephen Kemble, British actor (died 1822)
• Jamphel Gyatso, 8th Dalai Lama (died 1804)
• Charles Lee, U.S. Attorney General (died 1815)
• Joseph McDowell, U.S. Representative for North Carolina (died 1799)
• Joseph McMinn, governor of Tennessee (died 1824)
• Maria Anna Thekla Mozart, cousin of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (died 1841)
• Joseph Shepherd Munden, English actor (died 1832)
• Julian Ursyn Niemcewicz, Polish scholar (died 1841)
• Józef Kajetan Ossoliński, Polish nobleman (died 1834)
• Thomas Picton, British soldier (died 1815)
• John Pinkerton, British antiquarian (died 1826)
• Salem Poor, U.S. soldier
• Pierre Paul Prud'hon, French painter (died 1823)
• Edward Riou, British naval officer (died 1801)
• William L. Smith, U.S. Representative for South Carolina (died 1812)
• Samuel Sterett, U.S. Representative for Maryland (died 1833)
• Leopold Karel, Count of Limburg Stirum (died 1840)
• Major-General Charles Stuart, Irish soldier
• Watkin Tench, British Marine officer (died 1833)
• Thomas Troubridge, 1st Baronet, English admiral (approximate date; died 1807)
• Thomas Christian Tychsen, German orientalist and Lutheran theologian (died 1834)
• Antoine Charles Horace Vernet, French painter (died 1835)
• John M. Vining, U.S. Representative for Delaware (died 736)
• Jane West, English writer (died 1852)
• Samuel Whitbread, English politician (died 1815)

Deaths

• January 7 - Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (born 1686)
• January 17 - James Hamilton, 6th Duke of Hamilton, Scottish peer (born 1724)
• January 18 - François Nicole, French mathematician (born 1683)
• February 10 - Thomas Ripley, English architect (born 1683)
• March 2 - Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (born 1679)
• March 6 - Henry Vane, 1st Earl of Darlington, English politician (born c. 1705)
• March 18 - Matthew Hutton, Archbishop of Canterbury (born 1693)
• March 22 - Jonathan Edwards, U.S. minister (born 1703)
• March 22 - Richard Leveridge, English bass and composer (born 1670)
• April 22 - Antoine de Jussieu, French naturalist (born 1686)
• April 30 - François d'Agincourt, French composer (born 1684)
• May 3 - Pope Benedict XIV (born 1675)
• May 28 - Ernst August II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar and Eisenach (born 1737)
• June 3 - Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran (born 1671)
• June 9 - Antonio de los Reyes Correa, Puerto Rican soldier
• June 12 - Prince Augustus William of Prussia (born 1722)
• July 6 - George Howe, 3rd Viscount Howe, British general (killed in battle) (born c. 1725)
• July 15 - Ambrosius Stub, Danish poet (born 1705)
• August 2 - George Booth, 2nd Earl of Warrington (born 1675)
• August 15 - Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician (born 1698)
• August 27 - Barbara of Portugal, Princess of Portugal and Queen of Spain (born 1711)
• September 5 - Dmitry Ivanovich Vinogradov, Russian chemist (born c. 1720)
• September 23 - John FitzPatrick, 1st Earl of Upper Ossory (born 1719)
• October 12 - Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth, British field marshal (born 1680)
• October 14 - Wilhelmine of Bayreuth, daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia (born 1709)
• October 14 - Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (born 1696)
• October 20 - Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, British politician (born 1706)
• November 5 - Hans Egede, Norwegian Lutheran missionary (born 1686)
• November 20 - Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer (born 1694)
• November 22 - Richard Edgcumbe, 1st Baron Edgcumbe, English politician (born 1680)
• December 5 - Johann Friedrich Fasch, German composer (born 1688)
• December 15 - John Dyer, Welsh poet (born 1699)
• December 25 - James Hervey, English clergyman and writer (born 1714)
• Stepan Fedorovich Apraksin, Russian soldier (born 1702)
• Joseph Blanchard, American soldier (born 1704)
• Duncan Campbell, Scottish soldier
• Theophilus Cibber, English actor (born 1703)
• John Cockburn, Scottish politician
• Françoise d'Issembourg d'Happoncourt, Madame de Graffigny, French lettrist (born 1695)
• James Holburne, Scottish naval officer (born 1706)
• François Joseph Lagrange-Chancel, French dramatist and satirist (born 1677)
• François Mackandal, Haitian revolutionary leader
• Nathaniel Meserve, American shipwright (born 1704)
• Philip Southcote, English landscape gardener (born 1698)
• Charles Pinckney, chief justice of South Carolina
• Marthanda Varma, Rani of Attingal (born 1706)
• William Webster, British theologian (born 1689)
• Andrzej Stanisław Załuski, Polish-Lithuanian bishop (born 1695)

1758

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