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Events
- May 11 - War of Austrian Succession: Battle of Fontenoy - At Fontenoy, French forces defeat an Anglo-Dutch-Hanoverian army including the Black Watch
- June 4 – Frederick the Great destroys Austrian army at Hohenfriedberg
- August 19 - Beginning of the '45 Jacobite Rising at Glenfinnan
- September 12 - Francis I is elected Holy Roman Emperor with the support of his wife, Maria Theresia of Austria. He is the successor of Charles VII Albert of Bavaria, an enemy of Habsburg, who died on January 20 of this year.
- September 14 - Madame de Pompadour is officially presented in the court of Louis XV of France
- September 21 - British Government forces are defeated at the Battle of Prestonpans.
- December 25 – Treaty of Dresden gives Prussia full possession of Silesia
- Last execution for witchcraft in France
- For five days fire destroys buildings in Istanbul.
Ongoing events
Births
- February 18 - Alessandro Volta, Italian physicist (d. 1827)
- February 20 - Henry James Pye, English poet (d. 1813)
- September 16 - Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, Russian field marshal (d. 1813)
- December 15 - Johann Gottfried Koehler, German astronomer (d. 1801)
- Kim Hongdo, Korean painter
- Francis Asbury, American Methodist Bishop (d. 1816)
Deaths
- January 20 - Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1697)
- March 18 - Robert Walpole, first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1676)
- May 22 - François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie, French military leader (b. 1671)
- October 19 - Jonathan Swift, Irish writer (b. 1667)
- November 16 - James Butler, 2nd Duke of Ormonde, Irish statesman and soldier (b. 1665)
- December 8 - Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (b. 1683)
- December 19 - Jean-Baptiste van Loo, French painter (b. 1684)
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"1745"