Events

• June 6 - The Ashmolean Museum opens as the world's first university museum.
• June 12 - The Rye House Plot to assassinate Charles II of England is discovered
• November 1 - The British crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties
• Thames River freezes
• Dragonnades organized to harass Huguenots in France
• Wild boars are hunted to extinction in Britain
• A 140,000-man Ottoman force arrives at Vienna in June and starts to besiege the city. The siege is broken in at the Battle of Vienna on September 12 with the arrival of a force of 30,000 Polish, Austrians and Germans under Polish-Lithuanian king Jan III Sobieski, whose cavalry turns their flank. Considered to be the turning point in the Ottoman Empire's fortunes.
• Fall of Kingdom of Tungning, Qing occupied present day-Kaohsiung of Taiwan and unified China.

Births

• Furrukhsiyar, Mughal Emperor
• February 28 - René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur, French scientist (d. 1757)
• March 1 - Caroline of Ansbach, queen of George II of Great Britain (d. 1737)
• April 3 - Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
• June 23 - Etienne Fourmont, French orientalist (d. 1745)
• September 25 - Jean-Philippe Rameau, French composer (d. 1764)
• October 25 - Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (d. 1757)
• November 10 - King George II of Great Britain (d. 1760)
• November 30 - Ludwig Andreas Graf Khevenhüller, Austrian field marshal (d. 1744)
• December 19 - King Philip V of Spain (d. 1746)
• December 27 - Conyers Middleton, English minister (d. 1750)

Deaths

• January 21 - Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, British politician (b. 1621)
• February 18 - Nicolaes Pieterszoon Berchem, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
• March 19 - Thomas Killigrew, English dramatist (b. 1612)
• July 10 - François-Eudes de Mézeray, French historian (b. 1610)
• July 13 - Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, English statesman (b. 1631)
• July 30 - Queen Marie-Thérèse, first wife of Louis XIV of France (b. 1638)
• August 18 - Chalres Hart, English actor (b. 1625)
• August 24 - John Owen, English non-conformist theologian (b. 1616)
• September 6 - Jean-Baptiste Colbert, French minister of finance (b. 1619)
• September 12 - King Afonso VI of Portugal (b. 1643)
• October 25 - William Scroggs, lord chief justice of England
• December 7 - John Oldham, English poet (smallpox) (b. 1653)
• December 7 - Algernon Sydney, English politician (b. 1623)
• December 15 - Izaak Walton, English writer (b. 1593)

1683

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