Events

• May 25 - Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth.
• November 7 - 24-year war between France and Spain ends with French acquisition of Roussillon and most of Artois under the Treaty of the Pyrenees.
• The Spanish Infanta Maria Theresa brings cocoa to Paris
• Diego Velázquez's portrait of Infanta Maria Theresa is first exhibited
• Thomas Hobbes publishes De Homine
• Parisian police raid a monastery, sending monks to prison for eating meat and drinking wine during Lent
• Drought in India
• Cromwell forces a mass migration of Irish and Scots to Barbados, killing thousands.

Science

• Christiaan Huygens - Systema Saturnium

Births

• March 8 - Isaac de Beausobre, French protestant pastor (d. 1738)
• June 3 - David Gregory, Scottish astronomer (d. 1708)
• June 12 - Yamamoto Tsunetomo, Japanese samurai
• July 20 - Hyacinthe Rigaud, French painter (d. 1743)
• July 28 - Charles Ancillon, French protestant pastor (d. 1715)

See also Category:1659 births.

Deaths

• January 16 - Charles Annibal Fabrot, French lawyer (b. 1580)
• February 17 - Abel Servien, French diplomat (b. 1593)
• February 27 - Henry Dunster, first President of Harvard College (b. 1609)
• April 15 - Simon Dach, German poet (b. 1605)
• June 3 - Morgan Llwyd, Welsh Puritan preacher and writer (b. 1619)
• October 8 - Jean de Quen, French Jesuit missionary and historian
• October 31 - John Bradshaw, English judge (b. 1602)
• Abel Tasman, Dutch explorer (b. 1603)
• Willem Drost, Dutch painter and printmaker (b. 1633)

See also Category:1659 deaths.

1659

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