Significant Events and Trends

• Cape Town founded by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa.
• Anglo-Dutch Wars begin.
• Oliver Cromwell takes over England during an interregnum
• Origin of Quakers
• The Northern Wars cement Sweden's rise as a Great Power.

World Leaders

• King Louis XIV of France (1643 - 1715).
• King Frederick III of Denmark (1648 - 1670).
• Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland (1653 - 1658).
• Richard Cromwell, Lord Protector of England, Scotland and Ireland (1658 - 1659).
• Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (1637 - 1657).
• Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1658 - 1705).
• King John II of Poland (1649 - 1668).
• King John IV of Portugal (1640 - 1656).
• King Afonso VI of Portugal (1656 - 1667).
• Tsar Aleksey I of Russia (1645 - 1676).
• King Philip IV of Spain (1621 - 1665).
• Queen Christina of Sweden (1632 - 1654).
• King Charles X of Sweden (1654 - 1660).

1650s

1650'erne | 1650er | Años 1650 | Années 1650 | 1650년대 | 1650a yari | 1650-тæ | Anni 1650 | 1650-es évek | 1650-1659 | 1650年代 | Década de 1650 | Anii 1650 | 1650-е | 1650s | 1650. | 1650-luku | 1650-talet | 1650年代