Events

• January 31 - Battle of Gembloers: Spanish forces under Don John of Austria and Alexander Farnese defeat the Dutch. Don John begins to recover control of the French-speaking Southern Netherlands.
• May 31 - Martin Frobisher sails from Harwich, England to Frobisher Bay, Canada, eventually to mine fool's gold, used to pave streets in London.
• August 4 - Battle of Al Kasr al Kebir - The Moroccans defeat the Portuguese. King Sebastian I of Portugal is defeated and killed in North Africa, leaving his elderly uncle, Cardinal Henry, as his heir. This initiates a succession crisis in Portugal.
• October 1 - Alexander Farnese, Prince of Parma, succeeds Don John as Spanish Governor-General of the Netherlands.

Unknown dates

• Martin Frobisher held the first celebration of Thanksgiving by Europeans in North American at Newfoundland by the Frobisher Expedition.
• Tibet - Sonam Gyrso receives from prince Atlan Khan the title of "Talaï" and becomes the third Dalai Lama.
• Battle of Wenden: The Russians are defeated by the Swedes, who proceed to take Polotsk.
• The Ottoman Empire conquers Abkhazia.
• Sixth and so far the last outbreak of the sweating sickness in England.
• Emperor Sarsa Dengel of Ethiopia kills Bahr negus Yeshaq, finally ending his rebellion.

Births

• March 2 - George Sandys, English traveller (died 1644)
• April 1 - William Harvey, English physician (died 1657)
• April 14 - King Philip III of Spain (died 1621)
• May 16 - Everard Digby, English conspirator (died 1606)
• July 9 - Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (died 1637)
• August 17 - Francesco Albani, Italian painter (died 1660)
• November 1 - Dmitry Pozharsky, Russian prince (died 1642)
• December 2 - Agostino Agazzari, Italian composer (died 1640)
• Giambattista Andreini, Italian actor and playwright (died 1650)
• Yamada Arinaga, Japanese retainer of Shimazu clan
• Benedetto Castelli, Italian scientist (died 1643)
• Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry, English lawyer (died 1640)
• Robert Cushman, Plymouth Colony settler (died 1625)
• Matahei Iwasa, Japanese painter (died 1650)
• Samuel Jordan, American colonial legislator (died 1623)
• Charles de Luynes, first duke of Chaulnes (died 1621)
• Grzegorz IV Radziwill, Polish magnate (died 1613)
• François Ravaillac, killer of Henry IV of France (died 1610)
• Ambrose Rokewood, English Gunpowder Plot conspirator (died 1606)
• Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (died 1632)
• Horio Tadauji, Japanese daimyo (died 1604)

See also Category: 1578 births.

Deaths

• February 5 - Giambattista Moroni, Italian painter (born 1510)
• March 7 - Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox (b. 1515)
• March 29 - Arthur Champernowne, English admiral (b. 1524)
• March 29 - Louis I, Cardinal of Guise, French cardinal (b. 1527)
• April 14 - James Hepburn, 4th Earl of Bothwell, consort of Mary I of Scotland (born 1535)
• April 19 - Uesugi Kenshin, Japanese samurai and warlord (born 1530)
• August 4 - King Sebastian I of Portugal (born 1554)
• August 4 - Thomas Stucley, English adventurer (born 1525)
• August 11 - Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (b. 1502)
• October 1 - Don John of Austria, military leader (born 1547)
• Giorgio Giulio Clovio, Italian painter (born 1498)
• Cornelis Cort, Dutch engraver (born 1536)
• Thomas Doughty, English explorer
• Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor (born 1501)
• Amago Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (born 1553)
• Ikeda Katsumasa, Japanese military commander (born 1539)
• Juraj Julije Klovic, Dalmatian painter (born 1498)
• Pierre Lescot, French architect (born 1510)
• Giovanni Battista Moroni, Italian painter (born 1520)
• Abu Marwan Abd al-Malik I Saadi, King of Morocco

See also Category: 1578 deaths.

1578

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