April 13

April 13 is the 103rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (104th in leap years). There are 262 days remaining. It is also the Ides of April.

Events

1055 - Victor II is consecrated pope.
1111 - Henry V is crowned Holy Roman Emperor.
1180 - Frederick Barbarossa issues the Gelnhausen Charter.
1204 - The Fourth Crusade sacks Constantinople
1250 - The Seventh Crusade is defeated in Egypt, Louis IX of France is captured.
1256 - The Grand Union of the Augustinian order when Pope Alexander IV issues a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
1598 - Henry IV of France issues the Edict of Nantes, allowing freedom of religion to the Huguenots.
1742 - George Frideric Handel's oratorio Messiah makes its world-premiere in Dublin, Ireland.
1829 - The British Parliament grants freedom of religion to Roman Catholics.
1849 - Hungary becomes a republic.
1861 - American Civil War: Fort Sumter surrenders to rebel forces.
1873 - Colfax Massacre.
1883 - Alferd Packer is convicted of murder.
1902 - James C. Penney opens his first store in Kemmerer, Wyoming.
1919 - The Establishment of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.
1919 - Amritsar massacre: British and Gurkha troops massacre at least 379 unarmed demonstrators in Amritsar, India.
1921 - Foundation of the Spanish Communist Workers' Party.
1939 - In India, the Hindustani Lal Sena (Indian Red Army) is formed and vows to engage in armed struggle against the British.
1941 - Pact of neutrality between the USSR and Japan is signed.
1943 - World War II: The discovery of a mass grave of Polish prisoners-of-war executed by Soviet forces in the Katyń Forest Massacre was announced in Germany, driving a wedge between the Western Allies, the Polish government-in-exile in London, and the Soviet Union.
1943 - The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, DC, on the 200th anniversary of Thomas Jefferson's birth.
1945 - German troops massacre more than 1000 political and military prisoners in Gardelegen Germany. The atrocity is discovered two days later by American forces.
1970 - An oxygen tank aboard Apollo 13 explodes, putting the crew into deadly peril. The explosion occurred on April 14th in several time zones.
1972 - The Universal Postal Union decides to recognize the People's Republic of China as the only legitimate Chinese representative, effectively expelling the Republic of China administering Taiwan.
1974 - Western Union (in cooperation with NASA and Hughes Aircraft) launches the USA's first commercial geosynchronous communications satellite, Westar 1.
1975 - An attack by Palestinians on a church in Ain El Remmeneh, Lebanon marks the beginning of a 15 year civil war.
1983 - Harold Washington is elected as the first African-American mayor in Chicago's history.
1984 - Pete Rose becomes the first player in National League history to collect 4,000 hits.
1985 - Enver Hoxha is succeeded by Ramiz Alia as the leader of Albania.
1987 - Portugal and China sign an agreement in which Macau would be returned to China in 1999.
1997 - Tiger Woods becomes the youngest golfer to win golf's Masters Tournament.
2002 - The Venezuelan coup attempt of 2002 ends. President Hugo Chávez of Venezuela returns
2006 - Tiara Air , a new airline has begin flights to Curacao and Bonaire.

Births

1506 - Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (d. 1546)
1519 - Catherine de Medici, wife of Henry II of France (d. 1589)
1570 - Guy Fawkes, English conspirator (d. 1606)
1584 - Albert VI of Bavaria (d. 1666)
1593 - Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, English statesman (d. 1641)
1618 - Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer (d. 1693)
1648 - Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte Guyon, French (d. 1717)
1713 - Frederick (Lord) North, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1792)
1715 - John Hanson, President of the United States in Congress Assembled (d. 1783)
1729 - Thomas Percy, Bishop of Dromore and magazine editor (d. 1811)
1735 - Isaac Low, New York delegate to the Continental Congress (d. 1791)
1743 - Thomas Jefferson, 3rd President of the United States (d. 1826)
1747 - Louis Philip II, Duke of Orléans (d. 1793)
1764 - Laurent, Marquis de Gouvion Saint-Cyr, French marshal (d. 1830)
1769 - Thomas Lawrence, English painter (d. 1830)
1771 - Richard Trevithick, English engineer and inventor (d. 1833)
1780 - Alexander Mitchell, Irish engineer (d. 1868)
1784 - Friedrich Graf von Wrangel, Prussian field marshal (d. 1877)
1787 - John Robertson, U.S. congressman (d. 1873)
1802 - Leopold Fitzinger, Austrian zoologist (d. 1884)
1808 - Antonio Meucci, Italian inventor (d. 1896)
1825 - Thomas D'Arcy McGee, Canadian journalist and politician (d. 1868)
1828 - Joseph Barber Lightfoot, English theologian and Bishop of Durham (d. 1889)
1832 - Juan Montalvo, Ecuadoran author (d. 1889)
1841 - Louis-Ernest Barrias, French sculptor (d. 1905)
1850 - Arthur Matthew Weld Downing, British astronomer (d. 1917)
1852 - F.W. Woolworth, American businessman (d. 1919)
1860 - James Ensor, Belgian painter (d. 1949)
1866 - Butch Cassidy, American outlaw (d. 1908)
1872 - Alexander Roda Roda, Austrian writer (d. 1945)
1873 - John W. Davis, American politician (d. 1955)
1875 - Ray Lyman Wilbur, U.S. Secretary of the Interior (d. 1949)
1880 - Charles Christie, Canadian film studio owner (d. 1955)
1881 - Ludwig Binswanger, Swiss psychiatrist (d. 1966)
1885 - Georg Lukács, Hungarian-born philosopher and literary critic (d. 1971)
1887 - Gordon S. Fahrni, Canadian physician and President of the Canadian Medical Association (d. 1995)
1889 - Herbert Osborne Yardley, American cryptographer (d. 1958)
1890 - Frank Murphy, American public servant (d. 1949)
1891 - Nella Larsen, African-American novelist (d. 1964)
1892 - Arthur Travers 'Bomber' Harris, British Air Force commander in World War II (d. 1984)
1892 - Sir Robert Alexander Watson-Watt, Scottish inventor (d. 1973)
1894 - Arthur Fadden, thirteenth Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1973)
1897 - Werner Voss, German World War I pilot (d. 1917)
1900 - Pierre Molinier, French painter and photographer (d. 1976)
1901 - Jacques Lacan, French psychoanalyst and semanticist (d. 1981)
1902 - Philippe de Rothschild, French race car driver and wine grower (d. 1988)
1904 - Sir David Robinson, British philanthropist and entrepreneur (d. 1987)
1906 - Samuel Beckett, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989)
1907 - Harold Stassen, American Presidential candidate (d. 2001)
1909 - Stanislaw Marcin Ulam, Polish mathematician (d. 1984)
1909 - Eudora Welty, American writer (d. 2001)
1911 - Ico Hitrec, Croatian footballer (d.1946)
1919 - Roland Gaucher, French journalist
1919 - Howard Keel, American actor, singer, and president of the Screen Actors Guild (d. 2004)
1919 - Madalyn Murray O'Hair, American atheist (disappeared 1995)
1920 - Roberto Calvi, Italian banker (d. 1982)
1920 - Claude Cheysson, French politician
1920 - Liam Cosgrave, fifth Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland
1920 - John LaPorta, American musician (d. 2004)
1922 - John Braine, British novelist (d. 1986)
1922 - Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian politician (d. 1999)
1923 - Don Adams, American actor and comedian (d. 2005)
1924 - Jack Chick, American evangelist
1924 - Stanley Donen, American film director
1926 - John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough
1928 - Alan Clark, English politician (d. 1999)
1931 - Dan Gurney, American race car driver
1932 - Orlando Letelier, Chilean politician (d. 1976)
1933 - Ben Nighthorse Campbell, U.S. Senator
1935 - Lyle Waggoner, American actor
1937 - Edward Fox, English actor
1937 - Lanford Wilson, American playwright
1939 - Seamus Heaney, Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
1939 - Paul Sorvino, American actor
1941 - Michael Stuart Brown, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1943 - Bill Conti, American musician
1944 - Jack Casady, American musician (Jefferson Airplane)
1944 - Susan Davis, American politician
1945 - Tony Dow, American actor
1945 - Bob Kalsu, American football player (d. 1970)
1945 - Lowell George, American country/rock singer/guitarist (Little Feat) (d. 1979)
1946 - Al Green, American singer and pastor
1948 - Nam Hae-il, Chief of Naval Operations of Republic of Korea Navy
1948 - Sue Doughty, British politician
1949 - Frank Doran, Scottish politician
1949 - Christopher Hitchens, English-born journalist, critic, and author
1950 - Terry Lester, American actor (d. 2003)
1950 - Ron Perlman, American actor
1950 - William Sadler, American actor
1951 - Peabo Bryson, American singer
1951 - Peter Davison, English actor
1951 - Max Weinberg, American drummer
1951 - Joachim Streich, East German footballer
1952 - Ron Dittemore, American space administrator
1952 - David Drew, British politician
1953 - Stephen Byers, British politician
1954 - Niels Olsen, Danish singer and Eurovision Song Contest winner
1955 - Ole von Beust, Mayor of Hamburg
1955 - Lupe Pintor, Mexican boxer
1956 - Peter 'Possum' Bourne, New Zealand rally driver (d. 2003)
1956 - Alison Wheeler, British activist
1957 - Saundra Santiago, American actress
1960 - Rudi Völler, German football coach
1962 - Hillel Slovak, Israeli-born guitarist (Red Hot Chili Peppers) (d. 1988)
1962 - Jennifer Rubin, American actress
1963 - Garry Kasparov, Russian chess player
1964 - Caroline Rhea, Canadian actress
1966 - Marc Ford, American musician (The Black Crowes)
1970 - Rebecca Cummings, American porn star
1970 - Rick Schroder, American actor
1970 - Gerry Creaney, Scottish footballer
1971 - Bo Outlaw, American basketball player
1972 - Mariusz Czerkawski, Polish hockey player
1972 - Aaron Lewis, American singer
1974 - Sergei Gonchar, Russian hockey player
1975 - Lou Bega, German-born musician and artist
1976 - Jonathan Brandis, American actor (d. 2003)
1976 - Patrik Elias, Czech hockey player
1978 - Arron Asham, Canadian hockey player
1978 - Carles Puyol, FC Barcelona player Spain
1979 - Baron Davis, American basketball player
1980 - Jana Cova, Czech pornographic actress
1980 - Quentin Richardson, American basketball player
1983 - Schalk Burger, South African rugby player
1997 - Sloane Momsen, American child actress

Deaths

800 - Paul the Deacon, Italian monk and chronicler
814 - Krum, Khan of Bulgaria
1093 - Prince Vsevolod I of Kiev (b. 1030)
1279 - Boleslaus the Pious, Polish duke
1605 - Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia
1635 - Fahkr-al-Din II, Druze Prince of Lebanon (executed)
1638 - Henri, duc de Rohan, French Huguenot leader (b. 1579)
1641 - Richard Montagu, English clergyman (b. 1577)
1695 - Jean de la Fontaine, French author (b. 1621)
1722 - Charles Leslie, Irish Anglican theologian (b. 1650)
1793 - Pierre Gaspard Chaumette, French revolutionary (b. 1763)
1794 - Nicolas Chamfort, French writer (b. 1741)
1826 - Franz Danzi, German composer (b. 1763)
1853 - Leopold Gmelin, German chemist (b. 1788)
1853 - James Iredell, Jr., Governor of North Carolina (b. 1788)
1855 - Henry De la Beche, English geologist (b. 1796)
1868 - Tewodros II, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1818)
1880 - Robert Fortune, Scottish botanist (b. 1813)
1882 - Bruno Bauer, German theologian (b. 1809)
1909 - Whitley Stokes, British lawyer (b. 1830)
1910 - William Quiller Orchardson, British painter (b. 1835)
1911 - George Washington Glick, Governor of Kansas (b. 1827)
1911 - John McLane, Governor of New Hampshire (b. 1852)
1912 - Ishikawa Takuboku, Japanese author (b. 1886)
1918 - Lavr Georgevich Kornilov, Russian general (b. 1870)
1925 - Elwood Haynes, American automobile pioneer (b. 1857)
1938 - Grey Owl, proponent of nature conservation (b. 1888)
1941 - Annie Jump Cannon, American astronomer (b. 1863)
1944 - Cécile Chaminade, French composer and pianist (b. 1857)
1945 - Ernst Cassirer, German philosopher (b. 1874)
1962 - Culbert Olson, Governor of California (b. 1876)
1966 - Abdul Salam Arif, President of Iraq (b. 1921)
1975 - Larry Parks, American actor (b. 1914)
1975 - François (Ngarta) Tombalbaye, first President of Chad (b. 1918)
1978 - Jack Chambers, Canadian artist and film maker (b. 1931)
1981 - Prince Asaka Yasuhiko of Japan (b. 1887)
1984 - Richard Hurndall. British actor (b. 1910)
1984 - Ralph Kirkpatrick, American musician (b. 1911)
1993 - Wallace Stegner, American writer (car accident) (b. 1909)
1997 - Dorothy Frooks, American author, publisher, military figure, and actress (b. 1896)
1999 - Ortvin Sarapu, New Zealand chess player "Mr NZ Chess" (b. 1924)
1999 - Willi Stoph, German politician (b. 1914)
2000 - Giorgio Bassani, Italian writer (b. 1916)
2001 - Robert Moon, Postal Inspector and "Father" of the ZIP Code (b. 1917)
2002 - Desmond Titterington, Northern Irish racecar driver (b. 1928)
2004 - Lou Berberet, baseball player (b. 1929)
2004 - Caron Keating, British television presenter (b. 1962)

Holidays and Observances

First day of Thai New Year.
First day of Cambodian New Year.

Liturgical feasts

The Feast Day of St. Martin the Confessor in the Greek Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church:

External links

April 12 - April 14 - March 13 - May 13 -- listing of all days

Gourt Home::Gourt :: April 13

Events

Births

Deaths

Holidays and Observances

Liturgical feasts

External links