Events

• June 19 - The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros. Earl Erling Skakke is killed, and the battle changes the tide of the civil wars.
• Third Council of the Lateran condemned Waldensians and Cathars as heretics, institutes a reformation of clerical life, and creates the first "ghettos" for Jews.
• Afonso I is recognized as the true King of Portugal by Pope Alexander III, bringing Portugal the protection of the Catholic Church against the Castillian monarchy.
• Philip II is crowned King of France.
• Aberdeen is chartered by William the Lion.
• Westminster School founded by the monks of Westminster Abbey (by papal command).
• Drigung Kagyu school of Kagyu Buddhism founded.

Births

• John of Ibelin, the Old Lord of Beirut (approximate date; died 1236)
• Mikhail of Kiev (died 1246)
• Hermann von Salza, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights (approximate date)
• Shimazu Tadahisa, warlord of the Shimazu clan of Japan (died 1227)
• William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu
• Yaqut al-Hamawi, Arab geographer (died 1229)

Deaths

• September 17 - Hildegard of Bingen, German abbess, mystic writer, and composer (born 1098)
• Taira no Shigemori, Japanese rebel (born 1138)

1179

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